Comparative Constructions II Nominal Sentences. Nominal sentences are sentences that have a linking verb (or copula) between the subject and the compliment.

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Presentation transcript:

Comparative Constructions II Nominal Sentences

Nominal sentences are sentences that have a linking verb (or copula) between the subject and the compliment. Verb to be Stative verbs: become, seem, appear, get, turn, grow, feel, look, smell, taste, sound. A stative verb is one that describes a state of being.

Nominal sentences are relatively uncommon in English, but are much more frequent in some other languages. For example, in Hebrew, the nominal sentence "Jane is a doctor" would consist only of the name "Jane" and the word for "doctor." Translating the sentence into English requires the translator to insert the correct form of "to be." This is true not only in Hebrew but in other languages such as Arabic, Russian and Latin.Arabic

Example: Arabic الرجل معلم Literal translationThe man teacher. English translationThe man is a teacher.

She is a student at the school. They seem upset because of what happened. He appears to be interested in the conversation. The food smells delicious. The fruit looks fresh. The sandwich tastes awful.

It sounds like they did not enjoy the trip. The children feel happy. The weather became cold. The room got quiet when the teacher entered. We grew tired as we were climbing the mountain.

Hajj is the fifth pillar of Islam. Rome is the capital of Italy. Oranges are a rich source of vitamin C. Arabic is a beautiful language. The weather turns hot in July.

الجملة الاسمية

تتكون الجملة الاسمية من مبتدأ وخبر، والمبتدأ غالبا اسم علم يسبق الخبر إلا في حالات معينة، وحكم المبتدأ والخبر الرفع. العدل أساس الحكم التلميذان مهذبان. هذا كتاب. الذين حضروا ناجحين. الذهب لا يصدأ. الجنة تحت أقدام الأمهات. الرحمن علم القران. الحديقة ثمارها ناضجة

يتقدم الخبر إذا كان المبتدأ نكرة أو أن يكون الخبر له صدارة الكلام كأسماء الاستفهام أو أن يكون جارا ومجرورا, أين الكتاب؟ عندي كتاب. في الفصل طلاب.

كان و أخواتها كان وأخواتها أفعال ناقصة، ومنها : كان - أصبح - ما زال – صار - ظل - ليس - مادام - بات - أصبح - أمسى - مابرح - ماانفك - مافتئ - كاد – أوشك – أضحى - ارتد. تدخل كان على الجملة الاسمية فترفع المبتدأ ويسمى اسمها وتنصب الخبر ويسمى خبرها. السماء صافية. كانت السماء صافية.

كان و أخواتها السحاب ُ منقشعٌ - أمسى السحاب منقشعاً. ظل الجو صحواً. ليس الشديد بالصرعة. ارتد الأعمى بصيراً. بات المريض متوجعاً. ما زال فضلك عامراً. عسى الله أن يفرج كربتك.

إن و أخواتها تدخل على الجملة الاسمية فتنصب الأول ويسمى اسمها وترفع الثاني ويسمى خبرها، ومنها : إن - أن - كأن - ليت - لكن - لعل. علمت أن الصديقين مخلصان. إن مع العسر يسرا. لعل الإصابة طفيفة. كأن الفتاة قمر. محمد غني لكن أخاه فقير. ليت المال ينفق لإسعاد البشرية.

Azar, B. S. (1999). Understanding and using English grammar (3 rd ed.). New York: Longman. sentence.htm sentence.htm m m