Technology for Pre-service Teachers N. Leveille September 11, 2007

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 2 Technology for Pre-service Teachers University Characteristics Diverse student population Mid-sized Urban Open admissions

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 3 Technology for Pre-service Teachers Courses for Pre-Service Elementary and Middle School Teachers Three semester hours credit each College Algebra, or equivalent, is the mathematics pre-requisite Junior level

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 4 Technology for Pre-service Teachers Math Concepts I Topics Arithmetic with whole, fraction, and decimal numbers Place value and various number bases Diverse historical number systems Problem solving

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 5 Technology for Pre-service Teachers Math Concepts II Topics Probability and statistics Relationships among lines, planes, angles, and polygons Calculate measures in up to three dimensions Convert volume, capacity, mass and temperature in English and metric systems

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 6 Technology for Pre-service Teachers Problem Poor achievement results in United States K-12 mathematics programs Demands from U. S. business, education, and mathematics communities stress need in modern society for fluency in numeracy and quantitative reasoning (Farrell, 2002; Lutzer, 2005; NCTM, 2000; Steen, 2002, 2004) Teacher content and pedagogical knowledge needed for effective teaching (Betts, Zau, & Rice, 2003; Carter, 2005; Darling-Hammond, Holtzman, Gatlin & Heilig, 2005; Gehrke, 2005; Henke, Peter, Li, & Geis, 2005; Santos & Santos, 2005)

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 7 Technology for Pre-service Teachers In order to increase the time and effort pre-service teachers spend on homework, studying for tests, and working on their mathematics courses in general, the textbook publisher’s on-line homework materials were required.

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 8 Technology for Pre-service Teachers The students’ increase in time and effort was anticipated to lead to an increase in knowledge and thus to an increase in the mathematical abilities and confidence of the pre-service teachers. Higher grades and fewer students dropping the course would be evidence of improvement.

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 9 Technology for Pre-service Teachers Figure 1. Grades Prior to Homework Via Technology Requirements

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 10 Technology for Pre-service Teachers Figure 2. Grades With Homework Via Technology Requirements

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 11 Technology for Pre-service Teachers Results Positive student response Homework grade reflects quality and quantity Course evaluation rating improvement Faculty workload decreased due to a reduction in grading

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 12 Technology for Pre-service Teachers Examples of on-line homework resources: Examples of other uses of technology: class set of calculators classroom presentation computer

Mathematics Education in a Global Community, 9th 13 Technology for Pre-service Teachers.