RECONSTRUCTION ERA Chapter 8, Section 1

WAR’S END AND IMPACT On April 14 th, 1865 President Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theater by John Wilkes Booth. On April 14 th, 1865 President Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theater by John Wilkes Booth. Andrew Johnson became president. Andrew Johnson became president. Effects of the war: Effects of the war: U.S. is a global economic power U.S. is a global economic power Increased migration of African Americans to North and West Increased migration of African Americans to North and West Reaffirming of federal power Reaffirming of federal power

PLANS FOR RECONSTRUCTION Reconstruction refers to the era ( ) in which the government sought to address the issue of returning states to the Union, addressing the South’s economy, and what to do about former slaves’ rights. Reconstruction refers to the era ( ) in which the government sought to address the issue of returning states to the Union, addressing the South’s economy, and what to do about former slaves’ rights. Three distinct plans emerged to answer these questions, by three very distinct groups. Three distinct plans emerged to answer these questions, by three very distinct groups. Lincoln’s Plan– 10% Plan Lincoln’s Plan– 10% Plan Johnson’s Plan Johnson’s Plan Radical Republicans’ Plan– Wade Davis Bill Radical Republicans’ Plan– Wade Davis Bill

PLANS FOR RECONSTRUCTION Lincoln’s Plan Lincoln’s Plan Sympathetic towards Southerners  easy to rejoin after the war. Sympathetic towards Southerners  easy to rejoin after the war. Radical Republicans’ Plan Radical Republicans’ Plan Saw secession and slavery as crimes that require punishment Saw secession and slavery as crimes that require punishment Promote African American equality Promote African American equality Johnson’s Plan Johnson’s Plan Bring the states back in as quickly as possible Bring the states back in as quickly as possible Supported states’ rights– dislikes wealthy plantation owners Supported states’ rights– dislikes wealthy plantation owners

SAME OLD, SAME OLD Many southern states quickly met Johnson’s requirements to rejoin the Union. Many southern states quickly met Johnson’s requirements to rejoin the Union. Since Johnson did not support African American equality, most Southerners wanted to pass laws to restrict their freedoms after the Civil War. Since Johnson did not support African American equality, most Southerners wanted to pass laws to restrict their freedoms after the Civil War. Black codes  laws that sought to limit rights of African Americans and keep them landless workers. Black codes  laws that sought to limit rights of African Americans and keep them landless workers. However, the Radical Republicans were dominant in Congress, bringing about many changes to the South. However, the Radical Republicans were dominant in Congress, bringing about many changes to the South.

CONGRESSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION Congress passed measures to increase support for African Americans during Reconstruction. Congress passed measures to increase support for African Americans during Reconstruction. Freedman’s Bureau  goal was to provide food, clothing, healthcare and education for both black and white refugees in the South. Freedman’s Bureau  goal was to provide food, clothing, healthcare and education for both black and white refugees in the South. Civil Rights Act of 1866  response to the black codes; federal guarantees of civil rights, superseding state laws. Civil Rights Act of 1866  response to the black codes; federal guarantees of civil rights, superseding state laws.

RECONSTRUCTION LEGISLATION- AMENDMENTS Reconstruction amendments: Reconstruction amendments: 13th  abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude 13th  abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude 14th  guarantees African Americans citizenship; prohibits states from passing laws to take away citizens’ rights. 14th  guarantees African Americans citizenship; prohibits states from passing laws to take away citizens’ rights. 15th  no citizen can be denied the right to vote because of “race, color, or previous servitude.” 15th  no citizen can be denied the right to vote because of “race, color, or previous servitude.”

RECONSTRUCTION LEGISLATION- OTHER LAWS Additional legislation: Additional legislation: Reconstruction Act of 1867  divided the Southern states not yet readmitted to the Union into 5 military districts. Reconstruction Act of 1867  divided the Southern states not yet readmitted to the Union into 5 military districts. Each was governed by a Union general. Each was governed by a Union general. States had to write a new Constitution that granted suffrage to African Americans and ratify the 14 th amendment. States had to write a new Constitution that granted suffrage to African Americans and ratify the 14 th amendment. Enforcement Act  made voter intimidation a crime. Enforcement Act  made voter intimidation a crime.

ATTEMPT TO IMPEACH JOHNSON Andrew Johnson and the Radical Republicans shared very different views on Reconstruction. Andrew Johnson and the Radical Republicans shared very different views on Reconstruction. Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act to limit the President’s power. Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act to limit the President’s power. When Johnson attempted to fire Edwin Stanton, Secretary of War, Congress voted to impeach (accuse of wrongdoing) Johnson. When Johnson attempted to fire Edwin Stanton, Secretary of War, Congress voted to impeach (accuse of wrongdoing) Johnson.