The ATLAS experiment and the High-performance networking Prof. Rajaa Cherkaoui El Moursli, Mohammed V – Agdal University, Académie Hassan II des Sciences et Techniques, Rabat, Morocco

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi OUTLINE  The ATLAS Collaboration LHC (Large Hadron Collider) ATLAS experiment  The Computational & Analysis Challenges  Moroccan participation 2

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi The ATLAS Collaboration 3000 Scientists 174 institutions 38 countries Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, South Africa Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Turkey, UK USA 3

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi The Large Hadron Collider at CERN CERN CM S LHCb ATLAS ALICE 27 km in circumference About 100m underground LH C 4

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Proton-proton collision: centre of mass energy of 14 TeV Pb ion-ion collision, energy of 1150 TeV The Large Hadron Collider LH C About 100m 5

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi The ATLAS Experiment Overall weight=7000 Tons 46 m 25 m A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS Collision Point p p 6

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Why the ATLAS Experiment ?  Why? Study Nature at the most fundamental level: - What are the basic building blocks of Nature? - How do they interact?  The Standard Model  What is the origin of mass ? Why are tiny particles very heavy? Why do some particles have no mass at all?  Higgs particle  Is there another form of physics beyond the Standard Model ?  Supersymmetry, …  What is the origin of the universe?  Big Bang, Dark Matter 7

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi What do we Measure?  The particles coming from the collisions - Particle types (electron, proton, muon, jets, …) - Direction/Momentum - Energy  Simple in concept; complicated in execution 8

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi What do we Measure? Inner detector: precision measurement of charged particle trajectories “Calorimeters”: measure total energy of particles (electron, photon and hadrons) Muons Spectrometer Magnetic field: separate the different particles according to their charge and measure their momentum The collision point 9

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi The Computational & Analysis Challenges 10

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Collisions at LHC 11

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi “Offline” software effort: 1000 person-years per experiment CMS ATLAS LHCb Data availability and Software life span: 20 years ~ 5000 Physicists around the world - around the clock Challenge: Large, distributed community Large Data Volume, Large CPU Capacity Data Flow 15 PB/year ( GB/year) 12

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Challenge: Large Data Volume 13 1,25 GB/sec - Ions

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Where will we store and process all this data ?  LHC Data analysis requires a computing power equivalent to  of PC processors Where will we find such a computing power ?  CERN center can provide only  20% of the capacity 14 Data Storage and Data Processing

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Solution: CERN has over 250 partner institutes in Europe and over 200 the rest of the world. Many of them have significant computing resources  Build a GRID that unites these computing resources  Adopt Grid technology.  Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG)  a “Tier” hierarchy for data 15 Computing for LHC

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) The Hierarchical Model  Tier-0 at CERN o Record RAW data (320 MB/s ATLAS) o Distribute second copy to Tier-1s o Calibrate and do first-pass reconstruction  Tier-1 centres (11 defined) o Manage permanent storage ( – RAW, simulated, processed) o Capacity for reprocessing, bulk analysis  Tier-2 centres (>~ 100 identified ) o Monte Carlo event simulation o End-user analysis 16

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi WLCG – the world's largest computing grid (A Grid of Grids)  WLCG computing centers are based on the two main global grids – EGI (European Grid Infrastructure) in Europe – OSG (Open Science Grid) in the US  Grids in Asia also contribute to the WLCG – Taiwan Grid and EU-IndiaGrid  WLCG has benefited from investments made by European Commission via a series of grid-related projects – EGEE, European DataGrid 17

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Grid activity  Workload continues to increase ◦ At the scale needed for physics 18

Morocco in ATLAS 19

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi RUPHE (Réseau Universitaire des Hautes Energies -Morocco)  1996 : Morocco joins ATLAS experiment  RUPHE : Moroccan High Energy Physics Network o 5 Universities: Casablanca, Rabat, Marrakech, Oujda, Tanger o the National Center for Energy, Science and Nuclear Technics (CNESTEN)  Financial support: the Ministry of education and the National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST). 20

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Marwan:Moroccan Academic and Research Wide Area Network Non profit Educational Network Universities Academic Institutions Staff Training Institutions Research Centers and Institus Education ministry departments University Hospitals Total Connections offer 34 Mbps 20 Mbps 10 Mbps 8 Mbps 6 Mbps 4 Mbps Mbps 21

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Marwan: Architecture 22

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi EUMEDCONNECT2 topology – December 2010  Operational since 2004  EUMEDCONNECT2 network provides a Mediterranean regional network (North Africa and the Middle East )  support by the European Commission  Close linkage with European Research community via GÉANT  EUMEDCONNECT3 project being prepared, in collaboration with ASREN 23 EUMEDCONNECT

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi 24 The Research Network The GÉANT Research Network

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi 25  Support to e-science activities  Connection to EGEE Grid ( EGI in progress) and EumedGrid  MaGrid Certification Authority has been installed and accredited since 2007 MaGrid (CNRST-Morocco)

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi 26 MaGrid ressources (Topology of today) SL5.4/64bit and gLite3.2 SL5.4/64bit gLite3.2

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Futur site with SL5.4/64bit gLite3.2 SL5.4/64bit and gLite3.2 SL5.4/64bit gLite MaGrid ressources ( Topology at the end 2011)

1 sector 64 sectors (8 modules / sector) = 512 modules (50000 anodes ) Mechanical and electrical test of anodes anode 1 Module 28 Participation to the ATLAS electro- magnetic presampler construction

Morocco in ATLAS 29 The insertion of 32 sectors of the presampler at CERN.

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Physics and detector simulations Test beam (shifts, assembling, insertion, …) at CERN Analysis of combined test beam data ATLAS Software in Magrid Cluster Simulated and Real Data Analysis 30 Morocco in ATLAS

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Medical Physics - Simulation with GEANT4 and GATE (scanner, accelerator) in radiology, nuclear medecine, radiotherapy Conception and design of Detector in the International Linear Collider (ILC) 31 New researches

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Conclusion  ATLAS experiment transfer of large amounts of data  WLCG Solution  The advanced connectivity will help the Moroccan community : o to explore the rich scientific potential of ATLAS o to develop others research projects 32

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi References http :// http :// Aad G. et al. The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, Journal of Instrumentation, JINST 3:S08003, 2008 G Aad et al, The ATLAS Collaboration, Nuclear Physics A 830 (2009) 925c – 940c 33

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi 34 Thanks for your attention

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi 35

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi  General purpose network connecting Européen national research and educational networks (NRENs) across 34 countries  For the LHC in addition: Optical Private Network (LHC-OPN) with 10GB/sec link over dark fibers 36 The Géant Research Network

 It makes multiple computer centres look like a single system to the end-user  Advanced software, called middleware, automatically finds the data the scientist needs, and the computing power to analyse it.  Middleware also handles security, accounting, monitoring and much more. 37 How does the Grid work?

R. Cherkaoui El Moursli ICTRF Abu Dhabi Simulation of the PETete system and validation of the simulated model The Silicon Photomultiplier LYSO Crystals: pixelated and continuous slab The PETete System a new PET (positron emission tomography) device fully simulate the system using the software GATE to enhance its performance and characteristics