Open Access and Higher Education Dick Kawooya Lecturer School of Information Science University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee USA Lead Researcher African Copyright and Access to Information Project (ACA2K)

OA Overview OA – what is it? Why OA (education and research perspective)? OA models/approaches

…Piracy a threat to publishing (traditional), OA a challenge to traditional publishing…

OA – what is it? Peter Suber: OA Overview: OSI – Fellowship papers: 006Final.pdf (study report) 006Final.pdf An Examination of Education and Research Institutional Policies on Copyright and Access to e-Resources in Uganda. Central European University. Center for Policy Studies. Open Society Insttiute: (Policy paper)

OA… Open-access (OA) - digital, online, free of charge (e.g. subscription, licensing & pay-per-view)…and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions (Suber) OA publications/models can and many are peer- reviewed Fulltext or partial (Abstract/summaries), immediate or delayed Goal is removing price/payment barriers- reaching wider audiences

Why OA? Education and Research Perspectives Cost – rising costs of scholarly literature (journals)-both print and digital/electronic Dwindling library/institutional budgets Opportunities: – Global reach (publishers/author) Citation and impact factor - tenure/promotion Ease of access (as opposed to subscription DBs) – OSI Fellowship study (Makerere, Nkozi and FIRRI - Fisheries Resource Research Institute )

OA models or approaches Can be a mix of: Fulltext and immediate access (free) Fulltext and delayed (e.g. access to FT after 6 months) Partial – access to abstract/summaries

Models or approaches… Subscription with OA – preprints (generally adopted by major publishers) FT limited geographically – IR (institution, consortia, country access levels)

International examples Directory of Open Access Journals eScholarship Repository, University of California Repositories - eScholarship RepositoryeScholarship Repository Public Library of Science - PLoSPLoS

Ugandan Examples The Uganda Scholarly Digital Library (USDL) at MakerereUganda Scholarly Digital Library (USDL) Supply of Academic Publications ( ) – SAP Project. MOU between International Association of University Presidents (IAUP) and African Universities (e.g. Mak, UMU, etc) Search pageSAP Project Search page Google Print/scholar - Human Rights and Peace Centre (HURIPEC)(HURIPEC) Rights And Democratic Governance Economic, Social & Cultural Rights Decentralization & Human Rights

Google Books – “Uganda” search – 7852