AP Biology Bellwork What is the monomer & polymer of: Carbohydrate= Protein= Lipid= Nucleic Acid=
AP Biology Molecular Structure of Macromolecules
AP Biology Review Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules macromolecules 4 major classes of macromolecules: carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids
AP Biology H2OH2O HO H HH Review Long molecules built by linking repeating building blocks in a chain monomers building blocks repeated small units covalent bonds Dehydration synthesis
AP Biology H2OH2O HO H HH Target #36- I can state how a polymer is synthesized Synthesis joins monomers by “taking” H 2 O out one monomer donates OH – other monomer donates H + together these form H 2 O requires energy & enzymes\ Also known as condensation reaction You gotta be open to “bonding!
AP Biology H2OH2O HOH H H Target #37- I can state how to break down a polymer Hydrolysis use H 2 O to breakdown polymers reverse of dehydration synthesis cleave off one monomer at a time H 2 O is split into H + and OH – H + & OH – attach to ends requires enzymes releases energy Breaking up is hard to do!
Target #38- I can identify the molecular structure of each macromolecules Carbohydrates Characterized by the presence of the atomic grouping H-C- OH Has a hexagonal shape Created with a ring of carbon molecules
Proteins Characterized by the presence of the monomer amino acid There are 20 different amino acids Vary in Shape Identified by 3 components Amino group Carboxylic acidic group R group
Lipids Characterized by the presence of a glycerol and three fatty acid chains Molecular group Glycerol= H-C-O Fatty Acid Choins Muliti-carbon chain with many hydogens Connects to glycerol in a O-C=O group Has no polymer
The monomer of a Nucleic Acid is a nucleotide Nucleotides consist of a phosphate, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogen- containing base Five nitrogen containing bases Adenine Guaninie Thymine Cytosine Uracil