Memory. QOTD Zachary Roland, Taylor Kugler Can you remember anything before the age of four? a- yes b- no c- maybe d- yes, my previous life.

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Presentation transcript:

Memory

QOTD

Zachary Roland, Taylor Kugler Can you remember anything before the age of four? a- yes b- no c- maybe d- yes, my previous life

Samantha Jacob Are your memories truly memories that you can recall? Or are they just a recollection of stories you've been told about when you were younger? a) truly your memories b) Stories c) a mixture of both d) don't know

Palpasa Ghimire How will you react if you lose all your memory? A. Die B. Cry C.I dont care about memory

Alec Hatlestad Have you ever had an injury that has affected your Short Term Memory? a) Yes b) No c) Do not remember

Ivy Nguyen In terms of using adderall (illegally) to "help" study in college, of the students who have used adderall so far, what do you think of it overall? A. Yes I have used adderall often and it helped me do better in school B. Yes I have used adderall and it helped me here and there, but the effects aren't good C. Yes I have used adderall but I don't know if it actually helped D. I have never used adderall

Ty Wilson, Jayne Williamson-Lee Do you have a photographic memory? A. Yes B. No C. Sometimes. It depends on what I'm remembering

Connor Smith Do you think Google and the extensive access we have to humankind's collective memory has a negative effect on our memory? A.Yes B.Maybe C.Positive effect

Elyse Gregory (and others) Do you think there is a way to purposefully block out a memory forever, without ever being able to retrieve it again? a) yes b) no c) yes, but not on purpose

Wade Myers (and others) There is a finite space in the brain form memory. How are old memories deleted to make space for new memories? A. by importance B. by timing C. magic D. a combination of the above E. There is a infinite space in the brain. None of the above.

Colin Burke Do you think the recent false recollections of Brian Williams ( former anchor of NBC Nightly News) are due to the deteriorating quality of flashbulb memories? A: yes B: No (He is just a liar) C: I have no idea

The Big Questions / Issues What is the true taxonomy of memory?  STM vs. LTM, Semantic vs. episodic, etc vs. etc..!  Hippocampus vs. everything else How can I improve my memory?  Spaced vs. Massed, Context effects, Depth of encoding, method of loci, Testing effect Is Memory Accurate?  No. Next question?

What is memory?

The Brain IS Memory 15 Memory is located in every single synapse in the brain There are as many different kinds of memory as there are neurons and synapses and brain areas…

Where is Sensory Memory? 16 Surprise! It is just neural firing in sensory brain areas – those neurons just keep on firing away (briefly..)

Where is Short-Term Memory? 17 Surprise! It is neural firing in higher level brain areas that represent specific thing you’re remembering – those neurons just keep on firing away (briefly..)

Where is Short-Term Memory? 18 Extra surprise! And it usually requires contribution from prefrontal cortex – has extra holding power to keep those neurons firing longer!

Where is Long-Term Memory? 19 Surprise! It is in the relevant brain area(s) that encode the specific information! LTM is those synaptic weight changes.

Where is Long-Term Memory? 20 “Explicit” vs. “Implicit” is a very unreliable distinction Episodic = hippocampus; Semantic = rest of brain (mostly); Procedural = Parietal; Priming happens everywhere..

Learning Rules Across the Brain 21 + = has to some extent … +++ = defining characteristic – definitely has - = not likely to have … = definitely does not have Learning SignalDynamics Procedural = Cerebellum, Basal Ganglia Episodic = Hippocampus Semantic = Neocortex

This is LTM! 22

Hippocampal System 23

Sparse Activity 24

Sparse = Pattern Separation 25

Memory Improvement Techniques

Quiz If I study drunk, should I take the test drunk? A. Yes B. No

Quiz Should I just cram study right before test, or revisit information over time? A. Cram (Massed Practice) B. Space it out

Quiz Should I encode things deeply, making all kinds of elaborations and associations to other things I know, or just study superficially and try to memorize? A. Encode deeply B. Superficial memorization

Quiz Do quizzes help me remember things better? A. Yes B. No

Is Memory Accurate Why should it be? Are you a computer or a video tape machine? Is your perception accurate in the first place? Ok, but how bad is it? - Change blindness: You are not even encoding much of anything in the first place! - And then you don’t remember much beyond that!