Performance Appraisal PE Workbooks Page 81-85

Functional Anatomy

Functional Anatomy Refer to ideal basketball free throw P81 JointMovements/Agonist/Antagonists Knees AnkleFrom frames 3 – 4 as the player executes the shot the ankle is xxxxxxxxxx. The agonists are the xxxxxx and xxxx. The antagonist is xxxx xxxx. HipFrames 1-2player xxxx hip joint resulting in them crouching down. (Agonist= xxx xxxx and xxxxxx, Antagonists= gluteus Maximus and hamstrings) Frames 3-4 hip xxxxx (Agonist= hamstrings and gluteus Maximus, Antagonist= xxxxxxxx)

Functional Anatomy Refer to ideal basketball free throw P81 JointMovements/Agonist/Antagonists Knees AnkleFrom frames 3 – 4 as the player executes the shot the ankle is plantarflexed. The agonists are the gastrocnemius and soleus. The antagonist is tibialis anterior. HipFrames 1-2player flexes hip joint resulting in them crouching down. (Agonist= ilio psoas and quadriceps, Antagonists= gluteus Maximus and hamstrings) Frames 3-4 hip extended (Agonist= hamstrings and gluteus Maximus, Antagonist=quadriceps)

JointMovements/Agonists/Antagonists Shoulder1-4 both shoulders are moved through xxxxx (moving forward). (Agonist= xxxxxx, pectoralis major and biceps. Antagonists= latissimus dorsi, trapezius, triceps and posterior deltoid) Both latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major keep arms close to body. elbow1-4 elbows xxxx. (Agonists= xxxxx, antagonist= xxxxx) Right wrist1-3 right wrist xxxx.(agonist=extensor digitorum xxxxxxx= flexor digitorum 3-4 right wrist xxxxxx as flick the ball (agonist=flexor digitorum Antagonist=extensor digitorum)

JointMovements/Agonists/Antagonists Shoulder1-4 both shoulders are moved through flexion(moving forward). (Agonist= anterior deltoid, pectoralis major and biceps. Antagonists= latissimus dorsi, trapezius, triceps and posterior deltoid) Both latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major keep arms close to body. elbow1-4 elbows extended. (Agonists= triceps, antagonist= biceps) Right wrist1-3 right wrist extended.(agonist=extensor digitorum Antagonist= flexor digitorum 3-4 right wrist flexed as flick the ball (agonist=flexor digitorum Antagonist=extensor digitorum)

Biomechanics

Stable to make the shot Force summation throughout the shot Generate momentum Full range of motion Projectile motion Newton’s Laws

PrincipleWhere and How it is being applied Stability and Balance Newton’s Laws 1 st : the basketball and player will not move unless forces have been applied to overcome its xxxxxx 2 nd : F=ma. The xxxxx the input of force the greater the xxxxx of the ball. Must be careful not to give the ball too much or too little force. Ball will travel in the xxxx the force was applied. Force summation Shot must start at the xxxxx muscles of the legs and end up with the xxxxx muscles of the hand holding the ball last. Legs- hips-trunk-arms-hand. Small degree of stretch about the knees and hip to generate force – not too much or too little. Body moves through full range of motion to release ball at almost full extension.

PrincipleWhere and How it is being applied Stability and Balance Newton’s Laws 1 st : the basketball and player will not move unless forces have been applied to overcome its inertia 2 nd : F=ma. The greater the input of force the greater the acceleration of the ball. Must be careful not to give the ball too much or too little force. Ball will travel in the direction the force was applied. Force summation Shot must start at the large muscles of the legs and end up with the small muscles of the hand holding the ball last. Legs- hips-trunk-arms-hand. Small degree of stretch about the knees and hip to generate force – not too much or too little. Body moves through full range of motion to release ball at almost full extension.

PrincipleWhere and How it is being Applied Projectile Motion Given they are a tall player, the angle of release needs to be lower because height of release is higher. Favour initial horizontal velocity over initial vertical velocity because we are aiming for distance but want enough height to come down into hoop

Errors/ Causes and Consequences

ErrorCause and consequence COG and LOG too far forward and BOS too small Causes the body to overbalance meaning they start to tip forward. They need a stable BOS so should widen stance. As they move into frame 3 we see they are already over balancing. Lack of flexion though the knees in the prep for the shot As a result they are not using the muscles of the legs to generate force for the shot. In effect, force is being generated from the shoulders through to the hands Shot executed with the arms rather than the whole body Similar to above. Not able to generate enough force from arms so the shot could fall short

Stepping forward into the shot and angle of release too low They have to step forward in the shot because as they go through frame 1-2 they are over balancing. The step forward is simply to regain balance. Angle of release low so distance is favoured but shot lacks height to get into the basket. Has to step forward after the shot has been completed An extra step required to maintain balance as they follow through on the shot. Because shot was low and flat their momentum has kept them moving forward.