INECE Climate Change Stories Are Compelling Content Durwood Zaelke President, IGSD Director, INECE Institute for Governance & Sustainable Development

Climate Induced Extreme Weather Events Source: Center for Research in the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) International Disaster Database Instances of extreme weather events in East, South-East and South Asian Countries

Wildfire Risk and Prevalence Increased occurrence of wildfires is another probable outcome of climate change (NASA, 2010) Fire activity is worse in periods of drought. Studies on Asian wildfires show a correlation between drought and higher CO 2 emissions from wildfires (NASA, 2009) (Satellite image showing wildfires around the world, NASA 2009)

Climate Change and Conflict Climate change is expected to increase exacerbating events such as floods, droughts, cyclones, desertification, diseases, water scarcity and declining food production (Allouche, 2010; UNHCR 2009; German Advisory Council on Global Change 2007) Developing countries likely face a higher risk of political instability as a result of climate change effects (Smith & Vivekananda, 2007) Source: German Advisory Council on Global Change 2007

Rivers Originating in Hindu-Kush-Himalaya-Tibetan Glaciers NEXT

Sea Level Rise Global sea level is projected to rise by m by 2100 and Arctic ice loss will make a substantial contribution to this. This is more than two and a half times higher than the 2007 projection meters by the IPCC. Source: IPCC (2007); AMAP (2011)

13 of 20 most populated cities in world are port cities 65% of Asians live in regions and port cities that will be affected by sea level rise. $35 trillion in assets will be affected by 2070, with highest proportion in Asia. Red dots are cities with over 1 million people, green dots are cities over 500 thousand – 1 million people, and yellow dots are cities with thousand people. Source: State of the World’s Cities 2008/2009 – Harmonious Cities

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Long Lifetime of CO2

Arctic and Other Snow & Ice Regions Are Especially Vulnerable to Black Carbon Pollution 11 NASA, Black Soot and Snow: A Warmer Combination, 2004 Without soot, rays reflected With soot, rays (and heat) absorbed BC is 50% of 1.9 C warming in Arctic since 1890 (Shindell & Faluvagi 2009); Cutting BC emissions could reduce temperatures in the Arctic by 1.7˚C in the next 15 years (Mark Jacobson, 2010) BC and its organic co- pollutants are responsible for just under half of the total springtime melt in the Himalayas (Flanner et al. 2009)

Black Carbon Incomplete combustion –Diesel engines (including ships etc.) –Inefficient residential stoves –Open biomass burning –Power plants

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