The Respiratory System 2.

The respiratory system consists of an airway and lungs The airway conducts air into the lungs Breath of air passes in sequence: Nostrils, nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

The lower respiratory tract Trachea = windpipe Main bronchi Lobar bronchi Lungs Bronchioles - Alveolar sacs - Alveoli

The trachea = windpipe Tube: inner 20-25 mm in diameter 10-16 cm in length 15 – 20 incomplete C-shaped cartilaginous rings trachea The cartilaginous rings are incomplete because this allows the trachea to collapse slightly to allow food to pass down the esophagus Posterior of trachea: smooth muscle and connective tissue

Great horned owl – Amerikai uhu

Air passageway Trachea  two main bronchi (Left + Right) The right main bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left main bronchus L main bronchus  two lobar bronchi R main bronchus  three lobar bronchi Lobar bronchi  primary bronchioles primary bronchioles  alveolar ducts alveolar ducts  alveolar sacs  alveoli

1 2 3 4 5 6 6 1: L main bronchus 2: R main bronchus 3: two lobar bronchi 4: three lobar bronchi 5: primary bronchioles alveolar ducts 6: alveolar sacs alveoli 1 2 3 4 5 6 6

The Lung Every time you breath in and out your lungs are hard at work Lungs are surrounded by the rib cage, on sit on diaphragm The respiratory zone is the site of gas exchange with blood Color: pink, after years becomes grey http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJuFmyXeHkA /

Parts Base: bottom Apex: tip Hilus: place where vessels, bronchi are step in and out the lung

The Lung The human lungs are the organs of respiration in humans Humans have two lungs, with the left being divided into two lobes and the right into three lobes Together, the lungs contain approximately 1500 miles (2,400 km) of airways and 300 to 500 million alveoli, having a total surface area of about 70 m2 in adults (the same area as a tennis court)

The pleura The lungs are surrounded by the pleurae, a serous membrane which folds back upon itself to form a two-layered, membrane structure. The thin space between the two pleural layers is known as the pleural space; it normally contains a small amount of pleural fluid. The outer pleura (parietal pleura) is attached to the chest wall. The inner pleura (visceral pleura) covers the lungs and adjoining structures, i.e. blood vessels, bronchi and nerves. Serous - savas