Chapter 20 The Imperial Republic

Objectives 1. The New Manifest Destiny, and how if differed from the old Manifest Destiny. 1. The New Manifest Destiny, and how if differed from the old Manifest Destiny. 2. The variety of factors that motivated the United States to become imperialistic. 2. The variety of factors that motivated the United States to become imperialistic.

New Manifest Destiny Depression of 1893 Depression of 1893 New Foreign Trade was important New Foreign Trade was important 1870 – 392 million 1870 – 392 million 1890 – 857 million 1890 – 857 million 1900 – 1.4 billion 1900 – 1.4 billion

Henry Cabot Lodge United States Senator United States Senator Believed in Social Darwinism Believed in Social Darwinism “Nations like biological species struggled constantly and only the fittest could survive.” “Nations like biological species struggled constantly and only the fittest could survive.”

John Fiske In 1885 In 1885 Wrote that English speaking people (and America the most) would control every land not already with an established civilization Wrote that English speaking people (and America the most) would control every land not already with an established civilization

Captain Alfred Mahan

To Be A Great Sea Power 1. Productive domestic economy 1. Productive domestic economy 2. Foreign Commerce 2. Foreign Commerce 3. Strong Merchant Marine 3. Strong Merchant Marine 4. A Navy to defend trade routes 4. A Navy to defend trade routes 5. Colonies of raw goods and navy bases 5. Colonies of raw goods and navy bases

Plan for the US 1. Construct a canal across the Isthmus of Central America 1. Construct a canal across the Isthmus of Central America 2. Defensive bases on both sides of canal 2. Defensive bases on both sides of canal 3. Possession of Hawaii and other Pacific Islands 3. Possession of Hawaii and other Pacific Islands By 1900 the US Navy was third in the world behind England and Spain By 1900 the US Navy was third in the world behind England and Spain

James Blaine In 1889 established the Pan-American Congress – to help trade In 1889 established the Pan-American Congress – to help trade Pan-American Union was created to serve as a clearinghouse of information and defense Pan-American Union was created to serve as a clearinghouse of information and defense

Hawaii In 1887 In 1887 US had a treaty to open naval base at Pearl Harbor US had a treaty to open naval base at Pearl Harbor Stated to produce Sugar Cane Stated to produce Sugar Cane Brought in Asian workers for the fields Brought in Asian workers for the fields After revolt in 1893 – President Cleveland refused to support After revolt in 1893 – President Cleveland refused to support In 1898 – Republicans supported and took Hawaii In 1898 – Republicans supported and took Hawaii

Queen Liliuokalani Believed that Hawaii should send the Americans home. Believed that Hawaii should send the Americans home. Challenged the US control of the island Challenged the US control of the island In 1893 – American Planters staged revolt In 1893 – American Planters staged revolt Was forced to give up throne Was forced to give up throne

American Somoan islands In 1899 In 1899 The US and Germany divided the islands The US and Germany divided the islands Kept Pago Pago as a naval base Kept Pago Pago as a naval base