Kingdoms

Two types of cells Prokaryote- Any of the group of organisms primarily characterized by the lack of true nucleus and possessing only a few organelles, and by the possession of a single loop of chromosomal DNA. Bacteria

Eukaryotes-A eukaryote is any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes. All other kingdoms except bacteria

Kingdoms

1.Eubacteria Eubacteria- bacteria (prokaryotic cells) with rigid cell walls The group comprises the “true” bacteria.

2. Archaebacteria Archaebacteria are prokaryotes they have similarities to both normal bacteria and the eukaryotes. live in a variety of extreme environments

3. Protist eukaryotic organisms that are mostly unicellular. The protists include the protozoans, algae, and slime molds.

4. Fungi are eukaryotes are heterotrophs They secrete digestive chemicals into their environment, where the food is “digested”, then the nutrients are absorbed Most fungi are multicellular Includes mushrooms, mold, yeast

5. Plant multicellular organisms which produce food by photosynthesis. includes organisms that range from a tiny moss to a giant tree. All plants are multicellular and eukaryotic.

6. Animal Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms All animals are motile All animals are heterotrophs: they must ingest their food.

What characteristics do taxonomists look for when classifying organisms?

Comparative anatomy Anatomy is the study of structure. Scientists look for similarities in structure. Example: the forelimbs of some animals

Comparative physiology Physiology is the study of function Example: mammalian digestive systems

Comparative Biochemistry Comparing Proteins, DNA, Amino acid sequences