SYPNOSIS ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OF GUATEMALAN WOMEN IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones San Salvador, July 2007

GUATEMALA DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL EMIGRATION Total Estimate of Guatemalan Emigrants up to Year 2006: 1,413,486 Source: IOM - 200, , , ,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 1,400,000 1,600,000 Before

GUATEMALA DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL EMIGRATION BY GENDER PERIOD GUATEMALA DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL EMIGRATION BY GENDER PERIOD Men = 71.9% Women = 28.1% YEAR , , , ,473 1,016, , , , , , MENWOMEN

INTERNATIONAL EMIGRANT WOMEN WHO SEND REMITTANCES BY DEPARTMENTS OF ORIGIN IN GUATEMALA PET HUE SM QUET RET SOL TOT QUI AV BV IZ ZAC EP CHIQ JAL CHIM GUA SAC ESC SR JUT SUCH Up to ,210 (43%) ,303 (30%) 9 71 and more 88,130 (27%) 8 TOTAL 330, Total Depts. Poverty levels (%) Total of Women

Other countries of the world 3,422 (1.0%) 2,684 (0.6%) WHERE DO GUATEMALAN WOMEN WHO SEND REMITTANCES LIVE? 322,644 (97.5%) 1,893 (0.6%) TOTAL 330,643

WHERE DO GUATEMALAN WOMEN WHO SEND REMITTANCES LIVE IN THE UNITED STATES ? Total 323 thousand women Less than 10,000 women 17 10, ,999 women 5 20, ,999 women 2 50,000 and more women 1 TOTAL 25 Total States

INTERNATIONAL EMIGRANT WOMEN BY KINSHIP WITH HEAD OF A FAMILY YEAR 2006 Wife 2.8% Daughter 51.6% Daughter-in-law 2.3% granddaughter 0.8% Sister 19.9% Mothers or Mothers-in-law 7.1% Other relatives 15.6%

INTERNATIONAL EMIGRANT WOMEN BY AGE GROUP YEAR 2006

INTERNATIONAL EMIGRANT WOMEN BY CURRENT CIVIL STATUS YEAR 2006 Living together 16.5% Married 51.0% Single 22.8% Widowed 2.5% Divorced / Separated 7.2%

MIGRANT WOMEN 7 YEARS OLD AND OLDER BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL BEFORE DEPARTING YEAR 2006 TOTAL MIGRANT WOMEN 7 YEARS OLD AND OLDER : 328,820 None 16,248, 4.9% Unknown 3,423, 1.0% College 5,908, 1.8% Diversified education 74,435, 22.6% High school 54,390, 16.5% Primary school 174,417, 53.0%

INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT WOMEN BY OCCUPATION BEFORE DEPARTING AND CURRENT OCCUPATION ABROAD YEAR 2006

INTERNATIONAL EMIGRANT WOMEN BY CAUSE OF EMIGRATION YEAR 2005

INTERNATIONAL EMIGRANT WOMEN BY TRIP FUNDING Other means 20.2% Savings 48.4% Bank loan 8.5% Sold properties 12.6% Family loan 7.0% Loan in USA 14.8%

INTERNATIONAL EMIGRANT WOMEN BY MEANS OF TRAVELLING Through a smuggler 69.4% Other means 8.6% Tourist Visa 13.5% On their own 8.4%

WHICH IS THE REMITTANCES DESTINATION BY GENDER RECEPTION ? YEAR 2006 (PERCENTAGES) WHICH IS THE REMITTANCES DESTINATION BY GENDER RECEPTION ? YEAR 2006 (PERCENTAGES) PERCENTAGE Consumption Average consumption Investment & savings Social investment DESTINATION Women 2006Men 2006

FINAL COMMENTS 1.Survey results show a slight and constant growth in female international migration, in year 2002 female migration reached 27.0% and it got to 28.1% in year % of women who migrate are in fertile years (among 20 and 40 years old) % of female population has some degree of elementary education and only 4.5% of this population travels without any formal education % of women living abroad were not members of PEA in Guatemala and there is no woman in her fertile years who is not working in their country of destination.

FINAL COMMENTS 5.Women in their country of destination are performing unqualified jobs (60.3%), as saleswomen or maids (20.3%). 6.Most women (69.4%) have risked their lives to reach their country of destination because they have travelled using smugglers. 7.Almost half of the female population (48.4%) saves money before travelling. 8.Only 25.0% of the female population can travel to visit their family in Guatemala.