Macro to Micro Test #1 – – Lessons 1-7

-Classification Taxonomy is the classification of living things Developed by Carolus Lennaeus around 1735 He developed a 7 layers system: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species

Scientific Name The number and diversity of organisms increase as you move up through the layers The similarities among organisms increase as you move down through the layers

Scientific Name Organisms can be classified by location, scientist or behavior of that organism One organism, two names (genus and species): – The first name is the genus (usually a noun) – The second name is the species (usually an adjective) – First letter of the genus is ALWAYS capitalized. – The entire name is always in italics

Acer rubrum Acer means “maple” rubrum means “red” So Acer rubrum is a red maple tree.

Living Organisms All move All reproduce All grow All respond to the environment All produce waste

Kingdoms There are 5 kingdoms – Plant – Animal – Bacteria – Protist – Fungus

Insects Hundreds of types of insects on earth Can be destructive Have 3 body parts (head, thorax and abdomen), six legs (or two sets of three legs), four wings, antenna and an exoskeleton Parasitic wasps help lower Earth’s pest population

WOWBug Dr. Matthews has worked with WOWBugs for many years WOWBug is a parasitic insect Lays its eggs in a host Usually damages or kills the host

WOWBug Female Male

California Blackworm Usually no more than 10 cm long Anterior and posterior can regenerate Can be found on the edge of ponds and lakes Swims by twisting is body through the water Blood carries food and oxygen throughout the body The blackworm can regenerate where ever it is cut while the earthworm can only regenerate when cut on the clitellum (which the blackworm does not have)

Habitat Plants, animals, and other organisms live within every ecosystem The living component of an ecosystem is referred to as a community Organisms within an ecosystem perform certain jobs that keep the ecosystem functioning Organisms can share an ecosystem but have a different habitat

Fast plants Life cycle is 6 weeks Dr. Williams found that cross pollinating decreased the life cycle Fast plants can grow in space Fast plants will germinate in light or dark conditions Plants that grow in space can be harvested for food Mr. Lauffer also worked on the fast plants.

Seed development The process by which a seed becomes a plant is called germination Germination usually happens underground A seed can withstand hot and cold temperatures Life cycle of a plant – germination, pollination, fertilization

Life Cycle video Life+Cycle+&docid= &mid=0 9A7958B87FC5BB5B67D09A7958B87FC5B B5B67D&FORM=VIVR6# Life+Cycle+&docid= &mid=0 9A7958B87FC5BB5B67D09A7958B87FC5B B5B67D&FORM=VIVR6#

Monocots and Dicots Monocot leaf Dicots include nearly all our trees, bushes, vegetable-garden plants Dicot leaf Monocots include all grasses and glasslike plants, plus lilies, irises, amaryllises, and some other plant types

Cabbage White Butterfly – Life Cycle

Plant cells are much like animal cells, except for a couple of differences A) Plant cells have cell walls, which make them appear rectangular-shaped B) Plant cells have chlorophyll, the light- absorbing pigment required for photosynthesis. This pigment is contained in structures called chloroplasts, which makes plants appear green

Plant Cell- Onion cell Cell membrane Cell wall Cytoplasm Nucleus Cellulose material Cell membrane

Animal Cell – Cheek Cell

Cell Parts and Functions The cell wall also provides support for the cell The cell wall is only in a plant cell

Chloroplast chloroplasts contain chlorophyll which help to make the food for the plant (glucose) An onion is a bulb, it is food storage for the actual onion plant, it doesn't make its own food so doesn't need chloroplasts

Nucleus A small, typically round granular body composed of protein and RNA in the nucleus of a cell Called the “brain” of the cell

Cytoplasm Living material within the cell membrane

Vacuole Containing waste products Isolating materials that might be harmful or a threat to the cell

Cell Membrane semi-permeable, controlling the movement of substances in semi-permeable and out of cells

Additional Information This information is a review and most of everything on the power point is in the book and should be in your notes. Not all the answers are in the book. What this means is that there are questions where you will have to “infer” the answer. There are 28 multiple questions and one scientific drawing. This is a closed note, book, and lab book test. You use only your brain. Be smart…you are smart. Relax and “show me” that you know everything. Don’t memorize everything. Use common sense. Always eliminate 2 answers that don’t make sense or that you know is wrong and then pick the best answer. Don’t change an answer unless you are 100% sure that the answer is wrong. 90% of people change right answers to wrong answers.