Becoming a World Power Chapter 22. U.S. Abroad (late 19 th century) Interest in extending influence America Abroad: hard & soft power influence 1) Protestant.

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Presentation transcript:

Becoming a World Power Chapter 22

U.S. Abroad (late 19 th century) Interest in extending influence America Abroad: hard & soft power influence 1) Protestant Missionaries 2) Businessmen 3) Imperialists

U.S. Abroad (late 19 th century) Mahan’s Influence of Sea Power Upon History (1890) Imperialist belief in strong navy (p 564) , U.S. 5 th largest navy in world , U.S. 3 rd largest navy in world

Path to Spanish-American War Spain & Cuba relations  2 nd revolution (1895)  Spain’s Concentration camps  Media reports shocking stories  McKinley sends USS Maine to Cuba

Road to War  two events lead U.S. to war 1) De Lome LetterDe Lome Letter - published in US newspapers 2) Explosion of USS Maine (Feb 1898) a. 260 Americans died b. “remember the Maine!” c. Congress responded by mobilizing for war

Outbreak of War McKinley’s conditions for avoiding war:  Congress declares war (4-14) - teller amendment  Spain declares war (4-24)

McKinley's “splendid little war” April to August million volunteer / 500 lost in combat Naval Superiority Battle of San Juan hill (Rough Riders) - 3 battles (Santiago)

 U.S. deaths (5,700/ 500) Treaty of Paris 10/1/1898 transfer of Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico & Cuban independence American Pacific empire (p 570) Huge victory for U.S./ heals wounds of civil war John Sousa's "Stars and Stripes Forever" p-572 John Sousa's "Stars and Stripes Forever" p-572 McKinley's “splendid little war”

The American-Filipino War Mission to “civilize” brutal war in Philippines (4 years) insurgents & guerilla tactics US lost 4,200 soldiers ($160 million) - set up concentration camps to fight insurgents

Diary of an American Soldier in the Philippines In writing home this New Yorker wrote that his unit “had killed 1,000 Filipinos-men, women, and children- in retaliation for the murder of a single American soldier....I am in my glory when I can sight my gun on some dark skin and pull the trigger.” Estimates as high as 200k Filipinos die

revolt crushed by Independence deferred until 1946 American-Filipino War (continue)

President McKinley Assassinated by Leon Czolgosz (1901)

The Roosevelt Corollary (1904) Foreign Policy objectives: - (pg 575)

The Panama Canal  America’s interest in Canal  US obtain rights from France  Colombia rejected US offer  Roosevelt encourages rebellion  US recognizes Panama

Completion of the Canal Roosevelt’s historic (1906) Completion (1914) - shortened voyage US pays Colombia $25 million

Conclusion US rise as a global power- control western hemisphere Expanded navy & presence in world affairs Giving the size, military & economic strength of America, many believed US should act as a police power in international affairs What do you think? Agree or disagree?