EXECUTIVE EXAMPLE -National Hero -set many precedents for future leaders -developed Cabinet -defined appointment powers -expanded foreign affairs powers -became legislative leader

1 ST CONGRESS -Bill of Rights ratified 10 Amendments -passed Judiciary Act Supreme Court

FINANCIAL DEBATE -nation had large war debt -Alexander Hamilton’s plan -tariff -pay all debts -national bank system -debate over power to create a national bank -implied powers?

FINANCIAL DEBATE -nation had large war debt -Alexander Hamilton’s plan -tariff -pay all debts -national bank system -debate over power to create a national bank -implied powers?

POLITICAL AFFAIRS -British harassment of settlers in the west -French Revolution in British and French at war -U.S. neutrality -Whiskey Rebellion -farmer’s rebellion over an excise tax on whiskey they produced -rebellion crushed by Washington and the army before it begins -proves the strength of the new federal gov’t

POLITICAL AFFAIRS -Jay’s Treaty -trade treaty with Britain -highly unpopular b/c of the Revolution -Pinckney’s Treaty -trade treaty with Spain -access to the Mississippi R. -Treaty of Greenville -Battle of Fallen Timbers -Ohio Valley area

WASHINGTON’S WARNING -served two terms but refused another -political fighting had already begun -Farewell Warnings -no political parties -no involvement in foreign affairs

FEDERALIST ERA ADAMS

PARTIES DEVELOP -Hamilton and Jefferson had opposing views of government -Federalists- led by Hamilton -supported strong Nat’l Gov’t -NE businessmen / merchants -Democratic-Republicans- led by Jefferson and Madison -supported limited role of Gov’t -southerners -yeoman farmers

ADAMS IS ELECTED election Adams elected President Jefferson elected V.P. -They were from different political parties -This problem fixed by 12 th Amendment

XYZ AFFAIR -Neutrality strained relations with France and Britain -U.S sends ambassadors to France to patch relations -bribes were demanded by the French -US was outraged as story emerged

XYZ AFFAIR -Political Parties oppose each other -Federalists align with British -Dem-Republicans align with French -nearly leads to war -Convention of 1800 avoids war

ALIEN & SEDITION ACTS -Federalists passed laws to limit criticism of gov’t by those sensitive to the French (Dem- Republicans) and restrict citizenship rights -would have limited freedom of speech and allowed deportation of unpopular aliens

ALIEN & SEDITION ACTS -Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions -issued to declare the laws unconstitutional -Written by Jefferson and Madison -presented idea of nullification

ELECTION OF Jefferson and Aaron Burr tie for President -both are Democratic-Republicans -Tie is eventually broken in Jefferson’s favor -Future problems avoided with 12 th Amendment

ELECTION OF Jefferson and Aaron Burr tie for President -both are Democratic-Republicans -Tie is eventually broken in Jefferson’s favor -Future problems avoided with 12 th Amendment

ELECTION OF st peaceable transfer of political power from one party to another in modern government -Federalists to Democratic- Republicans -Jefferson’s philosophy brought to the White House and Democratic- Republican Congress laissez-faire gov’t

JUDICIAL REVIEW -Midnight Judges appointed by Adams -Jefferson refused to recognized judges -Marbury v. Madison -John Marshall is Chief Justice of Supreme Court

JUDICIAL REVIEW -case declares part of Judiciary Act unconstitutional -Establishes principle of Judicial Review Court can declare laws to be unconstitutional

WESTERN EXPANSION -Louisiana Purchase (1803) Lewis and Clark Expedition Sacajawea

WESTERN EXPANSION -Louisiana Purchase (1803) Lewis and Clark Expedition Sacajawea

WESTERN EXPANSION -Louisiana Purchase (1803) Lewis and Clark Expedition Sacajawea

WESTERN EXPANSION -Indian Conflicts unfair treaties Tecumseh’s League Battle of Tippecanoe (1811- Madison’s Term) William Henry Harrison

FOREIGN AFFAIRS -US neutrality between Britain and France??? Needed trade with both sides -British began impressment of sailors

FOREIGN AFFAIRS -Jefferson gets Embargo Act passed to cut off trade with Britain. Hurts U.S. business more than Britain -War Hawks emerge Possibility of gaining additional lands Revenge for British helping Indians