Changing Ways of Life Chapter 13 Section 1-2

Urban Scene  1920’s = Cities were the place to be  New York = 5.6 million people  Chicago = Industrial power house  Nightly entertainment  Movie theaters  Vaudeville Houses – Variety shows  Competition / Change  New social ideas  Drinking, gambling, casual dating  Behaviors = Shocking

18 th Amendment  January 1920  Prohibition  Manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages legally prohibited  Liquor = prime cause of corruption  Support came from rural South and West areas  Protestants

Prohibition  Saloons closed doors  Arrests for drunkenness declined  Many Americans not happy  Wanted to enjoy life = not considered a sin  Socializing  Resentment  Government did not have funds to enforce

Prohibition Cont.  Speakeasies  Drinkers went underground  Hidden saloons = found everywhere  Spoke quietly  Cards – Passwords  People learned to distill alcohol = build own stills  Bootleggers  Smugglers  Canada, Cuba, and West Indies  Became a national sport  Nascar

Organized Crime  Al Capone  Bootlegging Empire - $60 million a yr.  Controlled Chicago liquor business = Killed competition  1920’s = 522 gang killings

End of Prohibition  Mid 1920’s  19% supported Prohibition  Rest wanted it repealed  Caused worse effect than initial problems  Remained until 1933  Repealed by 21 st Amendment

Fundamentalism  Skeptical of scientific discoveries  Reject theory of Evolution  Charles Darwin  Religious Revivals  Called for laws prohibiting the teaching of evolution

Scopes Trial  March 1925  Tennessee = Crime to teach evolution  American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)  Defend any teacher  John Scopes – Biology teacher  Arrested – Went to trial (July)  ACLU = Clarence Darrow famous trial lawyer to defend Scopes  William Jennings Bryan = Prosecutor  Fight over evolution and role of science and religion  Found guilty = fined $100  Supreme Court later changed the verdict – law still remained in effect

Twenties Woman Chapter 13 Section 2

Rules Change  New World for Young Americans  “Wild Young People”  Women = assert independence  Reject values of the 19 th century  Demand same freedoms as men

Flapper  Flapper  Emancipated young women  New fashions = attitudes (know two)  Close-fitting hats  Bright waistless dresses  Inch above the knee  Skin toned stockings  Sleek pumps  Strings of beads  Clipped long hair –bobs  Dyed jet black

Youth  Rebellious Youth  Smoking, Drinking  Fox Trot, Tango, Charleston   Double Standard  Principles granting more freedom to men than to women  Stricter behavior  Casual dating

Changing Family  1930  10 million women earning wages  Technological inventions  Ready made clothes, sliced bread, canned food  Children no longer working along side adults  Went to school