Notes on Subatomic Particles There are 3 subatomic particles in an atom: 1. 2. 3. proton neutron electron.

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Presentation transcript:

Notes on Subatomic Particles There are 3 subatomic particles in an atom: proton neutron electron

nucleus Proton Neutron (positive) (neutral) Electrons (negative)

Subatomic Particle ChargeLocationMass Proton Neutron Electron (p + ) (n) (e - ) positive neutral negative nucleus Zip around nucleus in shells 1 amu (atomic mass unit) 1 amu _1_ amu 1837

When using the periodic table to find subatomic particle information… A Z symbol Atomic mass # Atomic # Atomic mass # :Is a number in decimal form When you round it, it tells you the mass of p + + n + e - x Atomic # :Tells the # of p + Tells the # of e - To find the # of neutrons: Atomic mass # - atomic # = # neutrons

Atoms that aren’t typical ISOTOPE – atom with a number of neutrons that is higher or lower than what’s indicated on the periodic table (typically radioactive) ION – atom with a number of electrons that is higher (anion) or lower (cation) than what’s indicated on the periodic table

Examples on Subatomic Particle Worksheet: symbolnameZp+p+ nAe-e- Na sodium zirconiumZr 40 cesiumCs

Notes on the Periodic Table Periodic table created by Dimitri Mendeleev He organized it by increasing mass (doesn’t work…look at #27 and #28) and by similar properties NOW organized by increasing atomic number and by similar properties

Organization of the Periodic Table Rows (  ) – periods, shells, energy levels, electron clouds Left of Zig Zag Line - metals, cations (positive ions) Columns (↕) – groups, families, # of valence electrons Zig Zag Line – metalloids, semi-metals, semiconductors Right of ZigZag Line – non-metals, anions (negative ions)

Families of the Periodic Table Column 1 – Alkali Metals Column 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals Column 8 (18) – Nobel Gases Column 7 (17) – Halogens Column 6 (16) – Oxygen Family * Column 5 (15) – Nitrogen Family **Note: Only Down to Zig Zag line for Oxygen Family and Nitrogen Family!!

Families of the Periodic Table continued… Middle of the periodic table … TRANSITION METALS Coinage Family (Cu, Ag, Au) Lanthanides (1st row on bottom) Actinides (2nd row on bottom)