Managing Telecommunications Chapter 6 Emily Gehm Jessica Paul Melanie Wall

The Evolving Telecommunications Scene A New Telecommunications Infrastructure Is Being Built “Infrastructure of old” is the telephone network, Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) “Infrastructure of old” is the telephone network, Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) –Built on twisted-pair copper wires and was intended for voice communications –Uses analog technology and circuit switching –Based on “dumb voice telephones”

The Evolving Telecommunications Scene (con’t) “Infrastructure of New” aimed at transmitting data using fiber optic links sending digital signals “Infrastructure of New” aimed at transmitting data using fiber optic links sending digital signals –Uses Packet Switching No circuit created No circuit created Each packet can take a different route through the network Each packet can take a different route through the network –Use of more intelligent user devices that provide addressing information –Internet can handle new kinds of intelligent user devices –Global telecom infrastructure is changing from a focus on voice to a focus on data

The Evolving Telecommunications Scene (con’t) The Telecom Industry Is Being Transformed The Telecom Industry Is Being Transformed –Originally provided by monopolies –Becoming like the computing industry Internet Is the Network of Choice Internet Is the Network of Choice –Extranets –Voice Over IP

Voice Over IP

The OSI Reference Model Open Systems Interconnection Open Systems Interconnection Created by the ISO Created by the ISO Underlying Framework of Internet Underlying Framework of Internet Why Is It Called A Reference Model? Why Is It Called A Reference Model?

OSI’s Upper Layers 7. Application Layer – Interface to application 6. Presentation Layer –Translates data to and from language in Layer 7 5. Session Layer –Controls dialog, acts as moderator for a session

OSI’s Lower Layers 4. Transport Layer –Controls flows, ensures reliable packet delivery 3. Network Layer –Addresses and routes packets 2. Logical Link Layer –Error correction & data synchronization 1. Physical Layer –Defines physical connection to network

OSI Model Diagram Example

Wireless…The Next Frontier The Next Big Thing The Next Big Thing Mobile Computing Mobile Computing Wireless Computing Wireless Computing

Wireless Areas Discussed Personal Area Networks (PANs): To connect a laptop computer to a cell phone Personal Area Networks (PANs): To connect a laptop computer to a cell phone LANs: In an office building or warehouse as a wireless LAN LANs: In an office building or warehouse as a wireless LAN WLL: To handle “the last mile” WLL: To handle “the last mile” Long Distance: To provide voice services to mobile people via their cell phones Long Distance: To provide voice services to mobile people via their cell phones M-commerce: To transact business wirelessly via PDAs, smart phones, or other information appliances communicating through the Internet. M-commerce: To transact business wirelessly via PDAs, smart phones, or other information appliances communicating through the Internet.

Wireless PANs Personal Area Network Personal Area Network Main Technologies: infrared and Bluetooth Main Technologies: infrared and Bluetooth

Wireless LANs Local Area Network Local Area Network Two Technologies: infrared and microwave Two Technologies: infrared and microwave Two Topologies: peer to peer and client server Two Topologies: peer to peer and client server

Wireless Local Loops The Goal The Goal “Fixed Wireless” “Fixed Wireless” “Last Mile Problem” “Last Mile Problem”

Wireless Long Distance Only two wireless technologies in the microwave range Only two wireless technologies in the microwave range Cell Phones Cell Phones GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data) CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data) SMS (Short Messaging Services) SMS (Short Messaging Services)

M-Commerce Mobile Commerce Mobile Commerce The Vision The Vision Ways to Send Ways to Send

Is Wireless Safe? Damage To DNA!! Damage To DNA!! (EMR) Electro-magnetic radiation (EMR) Electro-magnetic radiation Spikes=dead cells Spikes=dead cells

Role of the IS Department Interoperability Interoperability –Connectivity Operate the Network Operate the Network –Many companies outsource Stay Current with Technology Stay Current with Technology –Continually “peering” into the future

The End