Equipment Development for Gas-Lift in Sub-Sea Operations Roger Stinson Product Manager - Gas Lift Schlumberger Completions Systems

Deepwater Gas-Lift Challenges Limited & costly intervention opportunities –requires highly reliable equipment –operational flexibility Higher gas injection pressures –3000 psi to 5000 psi –evaluate current products

Current Projects RIPC Gas Lift Valve –normally open gas lift valve 3000 PSI Gas Lift Valve –evaluate current products –development Surface Controlled Downhole Flow Control –WRFC-H -Hydraulically Controlled –WRFC-E - Electrically Controlled

RIPC Gas Lift Valve Application Developed for applications which will use two levels of injection pressure. One point of injection for low operation injection pressure and one point of injection for high operation injection pressure Use of this valve requires a low injection pressure for lifting from a shallow depth A switch to a high pressure system to accommodate a deeper injection point will close the valve

OpenClosed

Open Closed

3,000 PSI Gas Lift Valve Development Project

1-1/2” IPO Gas Lift Valve - 3,000 PSI TRO Currently have 3 existing 1-1/2” IPO Gas Lift Valve Designs Limited to 1,700 PSI Dome Pressure Test R-20, SR-20 & High Pressure To Determine Limitations Analyze Test Results Make Design Modifications For 3,000 PSI WP Manufacture Final Design Prototypes Test Final Design Flow Test Final Design

Scope of Project To develop a gas lift valve capable of greater setting pressures (up to 3000 psi desired) for higher pressure injection systems in sub-sea completions. Testing to include: Phase I - Probe Testing - Cycle Testing Phase II - Probe Testing - Cycle Testing - Gas Flow Testing

Probe Testing Probe Testing measures the amount of stem travel the valve achieves per psi of pressure. Dome Pressures: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000

Cycle Testing Cycle Testing measures the fatigue life of the bellows. Pressure is applied through the ports and across the bottom of the ball. One full cycle occurs upon opening and full closure.

Cycle Testing - Results Valve set to 3000 psi Dome charge –results for all valves were unacceptable N-17R Slightly better than R-20 Valve set to 1500 psi Dome charge –mixed results R-20 Considerably better than 3000 psi test N-17R No significant improvement over 3000 psi test Test ringed bellows and alternate material –Ringed bellows results comparable to no-ringed bellows –Alternate material improved cycling-higher load rate

Current Status Development valve - alternate bellows material Test additional alternate bellows designs &configurations –load rates –cycle testing Future development decisions based on ongoing evaluation

Wireline Retrievable Flow Control- Hydraulic & Electric

WRFC - Wireline Retrievable Flow Control Variable Orifice Gas Lift Valve Side Pocket Mandrel Mounted Wireline Retrievable Electric or Hydraulic Operation Same Operating System for Electric Permanent Down Hole Gauge

Side pocket mounted hydraulically actuated Flow Controller that is remotely controlled from surface. Designed for flow rates up to 10,000 BBL/D, 30MMSCF/D. Description Features Status 8 successful installations per August 2000 Gas Lift and SCSSV based technology Retrievable Valve for repair or replacement Actuated through a single 1/4” control line Customizable 6 position actuator Wireline Retrievable Flow Control Hydraulic (WRFC-H)

Wireline Retrievable Flow Control Electric(WRFC-E) Electrically actuated Retrievable Flow Control Valve Description Features Status Field Test Q Based on Gas Lift technology Retrievable valve for repair or replacement Actuated through a single 1/4” tubing encased electrical conductor line Infinite position actuator Annular and tubing pressures

Retrievable Flow Control Valve Actuator Bottom cross-section view Electronics Cartridge Sapphire Gauges

WRFC/EGLV Overview

WRFC Specifications ElectricHydraulic Max temp: 150 C200 C Pressure rating:5/10K PSI5/10K PSI Flow area (see note):0.75 in in 2 InstrumentationAnnular & tubingSeparate Pressure & Temp Control resolution:InfiniteIncrements Note - Equivalent flow area

Norsk Hydro, TOGP Safety Valve WRFC-H - used to control gas Penetrations in Gas Cap Sand control completion in oil zone 30/40 Subsea installations planned Control gas from gas cap to lift Longer producing life Eliminates compression facilities