Family Rhinidae Wedgefishes /Guitarfishes. Taxonomy Order Rhiniformes (or Rajiformes?) Family Rhinidae (or Rhynchobatidae?) Genus Rhynchobatus R. djidennsis.

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Presentation transcript:

Family Rhinidae Wedgefishes /Guitarfishes

Taxonomy Order Rhiniformes (or Rajiformes?) Family Rhinidae (or Rhynchobatidae?) Genus Rhynchobatus R. djidennsis (giant guitarfish)* R.australiae (white-spotted guitarfish) R. laevis (smoothnose wedgefish) R. leubberti (African wedgefish) R. spp. nov. A (roughnose wedgefish) R. spp. nov. B (broadnose wedgefish)

Morphology seem to be intermediate between Pristidae and Rhinobatidae elongated rostrum (without saw) large, shark-like fins- 2 dorsal batoid-like cephalic pectoral fins

Morphology dorsoventrally flattened large spiracles near the eyes size: TL ~300cm R. australiae- color morphs in Indonesia different species? undescribed spp.A- “dwarf” species- 82cm TL

Habitat and Distribution Most: Indo-West-Pacific, especially Indonesia R. luebberti- E. Atlantic all species are inshore, coastal, usually ~35m deep found near sandy beaches (KwaZulu-Natal, S. Africa) and along reef edges

Reproduction mature at 150cm TL, 60cm TL at birth aplacental viviparous ~4 pups/litter R. australiae- up to 19 pups/litter probably low fecundity due to typical elasmo life history characteristics

Prey stomach contents: crab, bivalve molluscs

Conservation habitat destruction bycatch (prawn fishery, Indonesia and KwaZulu-Natal)

Conservation targeted fisheries (fins, meat, Indonesia, Tanzania) probably among most highly desired chondrichthyans high value fins, highly palatable meat

Conservation easily caught in bottom set gillnets, bottom trawls

Conservation “protective” shark nets (KwaZulu-Natal)- but many released alive life history characteristics females caught more than males

Conservation IUCN Redlist: all species vulnerable, R. leubberti- endangered (W. Africa) likely to see decreasing trends due to limited distribution, continuation of unregulated fishing

Literature Cited Compagno, L.J.V. & Marshall, A.D Rhynchobatus luebberti. In: IUCN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.. Downloaded on 04 November Compagno, L.J.V. & Marshall, A.D Rhynchobatus sp. nov. A. In: IUCN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.. Downloaded on 04 November Compagno, L.J.V. & Marshall, A.D Rhynchobatus sp. nov. B. In: IUCN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.. Downloaded on 04 November McAuley, R. & Compagno, L.J.V Rhynchobatus laevis. In: IUCN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.. Downloaded on 04 November McEachran, J.D. and N. Aschliman Phylogeny of Batoidea. Pp in Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives (J.C. Carrier, J.A. Musick, and M.R. Heithaus, eds). CRC Press, Boca Raton. Stobutzki, I.C., M.J. Miller, D.S. Heales, and D.T. Brewer Sustainability of elasmobranchs caught as bycatch in a tropical prawn (shrimp) fishery. Fish. Bull. 100: White, W.T. and Dharmadi Species and size compositions and reproductive biology of rays (Chondrichthyes, Batoidea) caught in target and non-target fisheries in eastern Inodnesia. J. Fish Biol. 70: White, W.T. & McAuley, R Rhynchobatus australiae. In: IUCN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.. Downloaded on 04 November