Steps Toward Solvation Process/Energy Expand the solute Expand the solvent Intermix  H 1 = +  H 2 = +  H 3 = -  H sol = + or - Depends on the magnitude of  H 1,  H 2 and  H 3  H hyd (For solids dissolving in liquids and liquids dissolving in liquids)

Ce 2 (SO 4 ) 3 Solubility: the degree to which you can dissolve a solute in a solvent Soluble = at least 0.1 M

P = kC (Henry’s Law) If the Henry’s Law Constant, k, is 32 L atm/mol, at 3.00 atm partial pressure of CO 2 above an aqueous sol’n of CO 2, what would be the solubility of the CO 2 in the solution? 3.00 atm/(32 L atm/mol) = The partial pressure of the gas above the sol’n mol/L (molarity) The concentration of the gas dissolved in the liquid

Coca-Cola Urban Legends: In many states the highway patrol carries tow gallons of Coke in the trunk to remove blood from the highway after a car accident You can put a T-Bone steak in a bowl of Coke and it will be gone in two days. The active ingredient in Coke is phosphoric acid. Its pH is 2.8. It will dissolve a nail in about 4 days! To clean a toilet: pour a can of Coke into the toilet bowl…let the “real thing” sit for one hour, then flush clean!