H. J. deBlij

 Write it…  Where are population clusters?  Why do people cluster in these areas?  What impact does it have on the environment?

On this map, one dot represents 100,000 people Population distribution Descriptions of locations on the Earth’s surface where individuals or groups (depending on the scale) live D

On this map, one dot represents 100,000 people Population distribution Descriptions of locations on the Earth’s surface where individuals or groups (depending on the scale) live A B C

A. East Asia : ¼ of world population B. South Asia : Bound by the Himalayas to the north and a desert in Pakistan C. Europe : Population concentrated in cities D. North America : Megalopolis

 Difference between births and deaths  Does not include immigration and emigration

 Difference between births and deaths  Does not include immigration and emigration

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 Components of population composition – Gender distribution – Age distribution  Population pyramid : Graphic depiction of population by percentage in each age group, divided by gender

 High infant mortality  Short life expectancy  Rapid population growth

 Low infant mortality  Long life expectancy, especially for females  Little or no growth, even natural decrease

Deaths of babies less than one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a year

Number of years a person born now can expect to live

 Expansive population policies  Anti-capitalist ideologies (e.g., Maoist China, Soviet Union)  Combating declining birth rates, aging populations (e.g., Europe)  Eugenic population policies (e.g., Nazi Germany)  Restrictive population policies

 1950s: Population planning program  1960s: National population planning program  1970s: Beginning of forced sterilization program for men with 3 or more children; 22.5 million men sterilized  2004: Beginning of guns-for-sterilization program in Uttar Pradesh  Today: Use of advertising and persuasion to lower birth rates in most states

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