Napoleon Chapter 7, Sections 3 & 4

Early Napoleon Napoleon came to France when he was 9 to attend military school Napoleon lead stunning victories in 1795 and 1796 – 1795 defeated rebels trying to overthrow the gov. in Paris – 1796 defeated Austria and Sardinia In 1799 we was encouraged to take control of France and did so with a coup d’état

Napoleon in Control The EconomyGov./SocietyReligion Set up fairer tax code Set up national bank Stabilized currency Gave state loans to businesses Appointed officials by merit Fired corrupt officials Created lycées Created code of laws Recognized Catholicism as ‘faith of Frenchmen” Signed concordat with Pope Retained seized church lands Equal taxation Stable economy Honest, competent officials Equal opportunity in gov. Public Education Religious tolerance Gov. controlled church lands

Napoleon in Control Using a plebiscite, vote of the people, he justifies his rule Lycées – government run schools Concordat – agreement between church and state Napoleonic Code – comprehensive system of laws

Napoleon as Emperor Napoleon tries to reclaim territories in trouble – Saint Domingue He sells the Louisiana Territory to U.S. for $15 million Eventually he stops looking to the “New World” and focuses on Europe

Napoleon on the March France and Britain are bitter enemies France had already taken – Netherlands, parts of Italy (Napoleon’s home country), and “runs” Switzerland Britain, Russia, Austria, and Sweden create the Third Coalition to stop Napoleon Long story short… Napoleon beats them and the Coalition crumbles

Napoleon on the March Napoleon was the man on the land, but…He could never beat the British at sea Battle of Trafalgar – Happened off the coast of Spain – British vs French and Spanish – British won in dramatic fashion Why does this matter? Britain would not be invaded, and they would rule the seas (imperialism)

Napoleon is Europe Napoleon controlled most of Europe by 1812 But the bigger point, his reforms followed into these countries Another point, he setup governments in these countries with his relatives in charge – This will become a disaster in many regards later on

Napoleon Makes Three Big Mistakes Continental System – European countries could not trade with Britain This was meant to weaken Britain but… – Many countries continued to trade with G.B. – France did not have the navy to support this agenda (Battle of Trafalgar) – Created the war of 1812 (Commodore Perry and the Erie battle) – Finally, increased tension between European countries and France

Three Mistakes Peninsular War – Portugal ignored the Continental system was Napoleon felt he needed to punish them He had to march through Spain to get there While in Spain he deposed the king The Spanish fought back creating the new form of warfare…guerrilla

Biggest Mistake Invading Russia

Exile #1 Was sent to the island of Elba after his defeat at the hands of the Russians Was there for a few months Decided to retake France

100 Day Rule When he landed in France everyone thought he would be destroyed But people actually supported him He took over, the king fled He started creating war again His final defeat came at Waterloo at the hands of the Prussians, British, Russians, and Austrians

Exile #2 Was sent to the island of St. Helena Was depressed and lonely Died shortly after his arrive (a few years)