Mapping Our World Chapter 2

Latitude and Longitude Section 2.1

Mapping What do people use maps for? People use maps to define borders and find places. Who makes maps? Cartographers - scientists that make maps Use an imaginary grid of parallel lines and vertical lines to locate points on the earth exactly

Latitude What is latitude? Equator - separates Earth into two equal halves called the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere Lines of Latitude - lines running parallel to the equator

Latitude How is latitude measured? Latitude - the distance in degrees north or south of the equator The equator is a reference point for latitude 0° latitude The poles are each numbered 90° latitude Each degree latitude is equivalent to 111 km on Earth’s surface

Latitude

Longitude How do we locate positions in east and west directions? Lines of Longitude - used to locate positions in east and west directions Meridians - lines of longitude

Longitude How is longitude measured? Longitude - the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian Not parallel lines, like latitude Large semicircles that extend from pole to pole Prime meridian - the reference point for longitude (0° longitude) Passes through Greenwich, England, home of the Royal Navy Observatory

Longitude