Social Psych: Part 2
Do Now: Match the vocabulary to the example 1.Shelia has a new boyfriend and all her friends say they look a like. 2.Pablo believes homeless people deserve what they get 3.When you do well on a test you say its because you worked hard but if you fail you blame it on your teacher 4.Sam over hears that Alex thinks he’s cute. Sam now likes Alex. 5.Marco makes a joke about Polish people being dumb. Vocabulary: Prejudice, Discrimination, Matching Hypothesis, Reciprocity, Mere Exposure Effect, Self-Serving Bias, Fundamental Attribution Error, Just World
Attitude and Behavior relatively stable organization of beliefs, feelings, & behavior tendencies Cognitive Dissonance Theory People want to have consistent attitudes and behaviors….when they are not they experience dissonance (unpleasant tension). Usually they will change their attitude. You have a belief that cheating on tests is bad. But you cheat on a test!!! The teacher was really bad so in that class it is OK.
Attitude and Behavior Festinger’s cognitive disonnance experiment- $1 v. $20 Effort Justification (type of CD)- you give a lot but receive little in return so to justify why you gave so much you rate it more favorably Relate to cults watch?v=9AGemuX7E60 watch?v=9AGemuX7E60
Attitudes & Persuasion Advertising is ALL based on attitude formation. Mere Exposure Effect Elaboration Likelihood Model- 2 basic “routes” to persuasion Central Route v. Peripheral Route
Compliance Strategies Foot-in-the-door phenomenon Door-in-the-face phenomenon Norms of reciprocity Low Ball Technique
How groups affect our behavior?
Prosocial Behavior Kitty Genovese case in Kew Gardens NY. Bystander Effect: Conditions in which people are more or less likely to help one another. In general…the more people around…the less chance of help….because of… Diffusion of Responsibility People decide what to do by looking to others (social cueing). video
Social Facilitation Theory If you are really good at something….or it is an easy task…you will perform BETTER in front of a group.
Social Loafing The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling efforts toward a common goal than if they were individually accountable.
Group Polarization Groups tend to make more extreme decisions than the individual.
Groupthink Group members suppress their reservations about the ideas supported by the group. They are more concerned with group harmony. Worse in highly cohesive groups. The Challenger
Conformity Studies Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard. Candid camera
Asch’s Study of Conformity Asch
Asch’s Results About 1/3 of the participants conformed. 70% conformed at least once. To strengthen conformity: The group is unanimous The group is at least three people. One admires the group’s status One had made no prior commitment
Milgram’s Study Of Obedience Milgram
Results of the Milgram Study
What did we learn from Milgram? Ordinary people can do shocking things. Ethical issues…. Would not have received approval from today’s IRB (Internal Review Board).
Deindividuation People get swept up in a group and lose sense of self. Feel anonymous and aroused. Explains rioting behaviors.
Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Study Illustrated the power of the situation College subjects were assigned the role of a prisoner or guard for a make-shift prison Subjects experienced a loss of identity and transformed into their roles
Questions to “A Class Divided” What were your thoughts/reactions to Jane Elliott’s lesson? How did her students’ behaviors change? Were you surprised by their actions? Why or why not? Even though this lesson was conducted in 1968, it is still relevant today. Explain.