Directional Terminology Mid- Sagittal Lobes Cranial Nerves Ventral

Top or Back side

Dorsal

Anterior is to Posterior as _______ is to _______

Rostral is to Caudal

The Optic Tract is ______ to the Optic Nerve

Posterior

Using 3 different directional terms, identify the location of cerebral aqueduct

Inferior to the cerebellum, posterior to the lateral ventricle, superior to the midbrain, rostral to the medulla … etc.

Name 3 structures which are Posterior to the infundibulum

Cerebral Peduncles, Interpeduncular Fossa, Pons, Medulla, Cerebellum, Trapezoid Body etc…

How does the mid-sagittal slice divide the brain?

Into two equal hemispheres

What structure passes neural transmissions between the two hemispheres?

Corpus Callosum

Name 3 functions of the cingulate gyrus

~ Part of the limbic system involved in pain sensations ~ Control of visceral responses associated with emotions ~ Planning of motor actions

Which structures make up the midbrain?

Tectum (Sup. & Inf. Colliculi) & Tegmentum (substantia nigra, red nucleus, reticular formation, periaqueductal grey)

Name 3 structures which can be seen from both the ventral and mid-sagittal view

Pons, Cerebellum, Medulla, Optic chiasm, Mammillary bodies, Spinal cord etc.

Which lobe is more anterior: Parietal or Occipital?

Parietal Lobe

Which fissure divides the frontal lobe into 2 sections?

Superior Frontal Fissure

What is the function of the Occipital Lobe?

Vision – contains the primary visual cortex (Area V1)

In which lobe is the primary motor cortex found?

Frontal Lobe

List some of the functions of the Temporal Lobe

Hearing, Speech perception (LH), Sexual behaviour, Music interpretation (RH), Memory and Social behaviour.

What is the IV th cranial nerve?

Trochlear Function: Rotates the eyes away or down from the nose.

Which number corresponds with the Glossopharyngeal nerve?

IX Function: It receives sensory fibres from the posterior one-third of the tongue, the tonsils, the pharynx, the middle ear and the carotid body, supplies motor fibres to the upper pharyngeal muscles.

What type of nerves are found in the Abducens nerve?

Motor Function: Controls each eye’s ability to move away from the midline.

Give the function and type of nerve fibers found in the Vagus nerve.

Function: Supplies sensory parasympathetic fibers to nearly all internal organs. Sensory and Motor Fibers

Give the name, function and type of nerve fibers found in cranial nerve VIII

Name: Vestibulocochlear or auditory nerve. Function: Senses sound, rotation and gravity (balance & movement) Fiber type: Sensory

The Entorhinal cortex is also known by what term?

Pyriform Lobe

The Interpeduncular Fossa is directly medial to which structure?

Cerebral Peduncles

What are the functions of the trapezoid bodies?

~ Receive nerve impulses from the auditory receptors ~ Inhibit impulses from the ear on the same side and excite those from the opposite side – sound localization

This structure connects the hypothalamus to the posterior portion of the pituitary gland.

The Infundibulum

What is the function of the optic chiasm?

~ Partial decussation in organisms with overlapping visual fields ~ Nearly complete cross over in organisms with less visual field overlap