Information Stores Repositories that hold information. –Sensory memory –Working memory –Long-term memory

Cognitive Processes Intellectual actions that transform the information and move it from one store to another. –Attention, perception, encoding and retrieval

Metacognition People’s awareness of and control over their cognitive processes. –Mechanism we use to monitor our learning

Sensory Memory The part of our cognitive system that briefly holds information until we attend to it.

Working Memory Conscious “thinking” part of our cognitive learning system (short term memory) –10-20 seconds –7 items

Overcoming Limitations Schemas –Interrelated networks of information constructed in working memory and recorded in long-term memory Automaticity –Results from overloading a skill to the point that it can be performed with little conscious effort

Cognitive Processes Attention –consciously focusing on a stimulus Perception –Attaching meaning to a stimulus Encoding –Representing meaning in long-term memory

Cognitive Processes Meaningfulness –Number of connections or links between an idea and the other ideas in long-term memory Retrieval –pulling information from long-term memory back to working memory

Long-Term Memory Our permanent information store