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► Memory - the mental processes that enable us to retain and use information over time. ► Encoding - the process of transforming information into a form that can be entered into and retained by the memory system. ► Storage - the process of retaining information in memory so that it can be used at a later time.

► Retrieval - the process of recovering information stored in memory so that we are consciously aware of it. ► Sensory Memory - the stage of memory that registers information from the environment and holds it for a very brief period of time. ► Short-Term Memory - the active stage of memory in which information is stored for up to about 20 seconds.

► Long Term Memory - the stage of memory that represents the long term storage of information. ► Maintenance Rehearsal - the mental or verbal repetition of information in order to maintain it beyond the usual 20 second duration of short term memory. ► Chunking - increasing the amount of information that can be held in short term memory by grouping related items together into a single unit.

► Working Memory - the short term memory system involved in the temporary storage and active manipulation of information ► Explicit Memories - information or knowledge that can be consciously recollected. ► Implicit Memory - information or knowledge that affects behavior or task performance but cannot be consciously recollected.