Gender Issues in Disaster Risk Management Projects Gender Analysis Elements Carolina Ferracini Gender Analyst Social Sector Division December 3, 2013

Contents Gender analysis elements Example of gender analysis Shelter design Reflections on reconstruction

Gender analysis essentials Qualitative information Data disaggregated by sex Multi-level dimensions (micro – meso – macro)

A gender analysis framework Women and men, boys and girls’: different roles/ division of labour access to and control over benefits/assets/resources priorities, needs and responsibilities Intersect gender with other factors (age, ethnicity, rural/urban origin, HIV/AIDS…)

Example: Dominica (UNDP, 2009)

Gender analysis in a disaster Division of labour Who does what? Who decides? Who cares for others? Who is involved in the community mobilization? Summary Agriculture: w=m Unemployment: w>m Decision-making: ? Care: w>m Community: ?

Resources: access and control Resources Cash Income Housing Land Tools Bodily ability Skills Services Time! Information Decision-making power Summary m>w ? adult m/w rich>poor m>w ? ?

Needs Water & Food, Medical Supplies, Health care, Sanitation, Services, Temporary Housing Transport, roads, energy, insurance Security Decision-making power Who Poor HH, disabled, children Poor m / w, farmers, tourism workers, informal workers, SMEs Girls, women, elderly Women, youth, elderly, minorities Practical and strategic needs

In brief Women Risks –Poverty –Care responsibilities –Domestic/ sexual violence –Traditional occupations –Access to resources Resilience –Social networks, knowledge of communities –Caring abilities –Management of natural resources –Risk awareness Men Risks –Job segregation –Masculinity norms –Risk takers –Roles in the family Resilience –Professional networks –Technical abilities –“Shared” care responsibilities –Access to resources

Based on gender analysis

Design

Location Capillarity / close to poorest communities Access to basic services (health, transport, school) Travel to/from shelter Security (inside / surroundings)

Other purposes School Church Gymnasium Conference Centre Community Centre Day Care Centre Elderly Homes Overnight refuge for hickers

Design – social reproduction

Design – accessibility (internal)

Design - accessibility (external)

Design - security

Design - surroundings

Reconstruction – food for thought What is rebuilt first… –Health facilities? –Schools? –Roads? Hotels? … determines who restores livelihoods first Who is going to get jobs in reconstruction? Construction workers –In STL M: 20%, F:1% –In GRE: M:37%, F: 2% Who is participating in the prioritisation / decision-making?

Reconstruction - reaching for the stars

Wrap up Gender analysis essentials (bis) Social impact of infrastructure Integrated approach (health, livelihoods, transport) One size does NOT fit all Qualitative Information …and age, ethnicity, socio-economic status, physical ability Multi-stakeholder data management and sharing system Data by sex Policy, procurement, budget priorities Jobs, information systems, insurance, basic services Water, food, medicine, participation Multi-level

Further reading See handout