Equipment Design

Content: 2 Heat Exchanger ( 1 & 2 ) Cooler (E-100) Compressor (K-102) Trans-alkylation reaction

Shell and tube heat exchanger Objective : to cooled the stream out from reactor by exchange heat with benzene comes from benzene column.

Assumptions: Use shell and tube heat exchanger, one shell and two tube passes. The value of the overall heat transfer coefficient was assumed to be 535 w/m2.s. Assume the outer, the inner diameter and the length of the tube.

Main design procedure: 1-Heat load,(kW) Q = (m Cp Δ T) hot =(m Cp Δ T) cold 2- Tube side flow, (kg/hr)

3-Log mean Temperature, (˚C) 4-Provisional Area, (m 2 )

Number of tube: Bundle and Shell Diameter

Tube side Heat Transfer Coefficient Shell side heat Transfer Coefficient

Overall Coefficient Tube Side pressure drop Shell side Pressure Drop

Thickness

Equipment Name Shell & tube heat exchanger Objective to cooled the stream out from reactor by exchange heat with benzene comes from benzene column Equipment NumberE-105 Material of Construction Carbon steel InsulationGlass wool Cost ($)111672

Operating Condition Shell Side Inlet temperature (oC)193Outlet temperature (oC)265 Tube Side Inlet temperature (oC)444Outlet temperature (oC) 361 Number of Tubes Shell Diameter (m)1.264 Tube bundle Diameter (m)1.189LMTD (oC) Q total (kw)3.51e4Heat Exchanger Area (m2) U (W/m2. oC)537.6

Assumptions: For second heat exchanger: Use shell and tube heat exchanger, one shell and two tube passes. The value of the overall heat transfer coefficient was assumed to be 800 w/m2.s. Assume the outer, the inner diameter and the length of the tube.

Results Equipment Name Shell & tube heat exchanger Objective to cooled the stream out from reactor by exchange heat with benzene comes from benzene column Equipment NumberE-107 Material of Construction Carbon steel InsulationGlass wool Cost ($)58752

Operating Condition Shell Side Inlet temperature (oC)193Outlet temperature (oC)260 Tube Side Inlet temperature (oC)361Outlet temperature (oC)271 Number of Tubes284.36Shell Diameter (m).788 Tube bundle Diameter (m).728LMTD (oC) Q total (kw)6.29e3Heat Exchanger Area (m2) U (W/m2. oC)801.54

Assumptions: For cooler: Use shell and tube heat exchanger, one shell and two tube passes. The value of the overall heat transfer coefficient was assumed to be 221 w/m2.s. Assume the outer, the inner diameter and the length of the tube.

Results Equipment Name Shell & tube heat exchanger Objective to cooled the stream out from first bed reactor by using cold water Equipment NumberE-100 Material of Construction Carbon steel InsulationGlass wool Cost ($)69000

Operating Condition Shell Side Inlet temperature (oC)701.88Outlet temperature (oC)200 Tube Side Inlet temperature (oC)25Outlet temperature (oC)80 Number of Tubes211.48Shell Diameter (m).788 Tube bundle Diameter (m)1.135LMTD (oC)352.4 Q total (kw)15310Heat Exchanger Area (m2) U (W/m2. oC)222.96

Compressor (K-102) Objective: Compressor is a device in which a gas is compressed to increase its pressure. Compressor (K-102) is employed to increase the pressure from Pin=(179.3psia) to (Pout=530.4psia)

Design procedure: 1.Calculate n from P1/P2 = ( T1/T2)^(n/n-1) 2. Calculate work done Btu/lb-mole W = (n*R*(T1-T2))/(1-n) R=Cp/Cv 3. Calculate horse power, ftlbf/lbm Hp=( (Z1*R*T1)/Mw)*(n/n-1)*(Rc^(n-1/n) – 1) P1 T1 P2 T2

where Rc = P2/P1 4. Calculate the efficiency from (n/n-1) = (K/K-1)*Ep, Where K = (Mw*Cp)/(Mw*Cp – 1.986) Ep=efficiency of the compressor Cp=heat capacity, Btu/lb o F

Results: K Inlet Temp.( o R) 968.1Outlet Temp.( o R) 179.3Inlet Pressure(Psia) 530.4Outlet Pressure(Psia) 44.85%Efficiency% Power(HP) Cost ($)= Type of compressor: reciprocating

Trans-alkylation reaction Objective : The aim from trans-alkylation reaction is to convert PEB to EB. PEB EB

Main design procedure: 1) Design Equation: 2) Rate Law: -r A = K C A Arrhenius equation

3) Stoichiometry 4) Energy Balance 5) Dimensions of the Reactor Assuming L/D = 4

6) Height of reactor= L+D+(2*space) 7) Weight of cat. = vol. of reactor (1- ϵ )* ρ cat 8) Area of reactor= 2*(3.14)* r *H 9) t = (P r i / (S E-0.6P) ) + Cc Where: t: shell thickness(in) P: internal pressure r i (Rs): internal radius of shell (in) E: efficiency of joint S: working stress stain Steel Cc: allowance for corrosion

Results: K = s-1 From Polymath the volume of reactor V = 13.3 m3 Dimensions of the Reactor D = m L = m

Material of Construction: 316 carbon steel Cost : $ H(reactor)=21.23 ft W= kgcat A = ft^2 t= 1.38e-1 m

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