Shannon Theory Risanuri Hidayat Reference L L Peterson and B S Davie,

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Shannon Theory Risanuri Hidayat Reference L L Peterson and B S Davie, Computer Networks:a systems approach (Morgan Kaufmann), 1996. ISBN: 1-55860-368-9 (Paperback ISBN: 1-55860-404-9 ) pp 94-95.

Shannon's Theorem Shannon's Theorem gives an upper bound to the capacity of a link, in bits per second (bps), as a function of the available bandwidth and the signal-to-noise ratio of the link. The Theorem can be stated as: C = B * log2(1+ S/N) where C is the achievable channel capacity, B is the bandwidth of the line, S is the average signal power and N is the average noise power.

Shannon's Theorem The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is usually expressed in decibels (dB) given by the formula: 10 * log10(S/N) so for example a signal-to-noise ratio of 1000 is commonly expressed as 10 * log10(1000) = 30 dB.

Shannon's Theorem Here is a graph showing the relationship between C/B and S/N (in dB):

Examples Here are two examples of the use of Shannon's Theorem. Modem For a typical telephone line with a signal-to-noise ratio of 30dB and an audio bandwidth of 3kHz, we get a maximum data rate of: C = 3000 * log2(1001) which is a little less than 30 kbps.

Examples Satellite TV Channel For a satellite TV channel with a signal-to noise ratio of 20 dB and a video bandwidth of 10MHz, we get a maximum data rate of: C=10000000 * log2(101) which is about 66 Mbps.