Trends In The Periodic Table: Ionization Energy Atomic Radius Electron Affinity Electronegativity, Etc.

Atomic Radius Half the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms that are bonded together. Left to right across the periodic table: Decreases-because protons are added, which causes a stronger attraction between protons and electrons (energy level stays the same)

Atomic Radius Down a group/family: Increases- because energy levels are added -Biggest atomic radius is Francium (Fr)

Electron Affinity The energy change that occurs when a neutral atom acquires an electron. Increases moving to the right across a row and up a column

Ionization Energy The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom. The closer an electron is to the nucleus, the harder it is to pull the electron away. Increases moving to the right across a row and up a column.

Electronegativity -The ability of an atom in to attract electrons. -Ionization energy + Electron Affinity = Electronegativity -Most electronegative element – Fluorine (F) -The closer an element is to Fluorine, the greater the electronegativity, ionization energy, and electron affinity

Periodic Trends Top to BottomLeft to Right Atomic RadiusIncreasesDecreases Ionization EnergyDecreasesIncreases Electron AffinityDecreasesIncreases ElectronegativityDecreases/stays the same(transition) Increases

Which of the elements is the metalloid? Aluminum 2. Silicon 3. Chlorine 4. Magnesium 5. Sulfur

Which of the elements would be the least reactive metal? Aluminum 2. Silicon 3. Chlorine 4. Magnesium 5. Sulfur

Which of the elements would be the most reactive nonmetal? Aluminum 2. Silicon 3. Chlorine 4. Magnesium 5. Sulfur

Which of the elements would have the largest radius? Aluminum 2. Silicon 3. Chlorine 4. Magnesium 5. Sulfur

Which of the elements would have the highest electronegativity? Aluminum 2. Silicon 3. Chlorine 4. Magnesium 5. Sulfur

Which of the elements would have the lowest ionization energy? Aluminum 2. Silicon 3. Chlorine 4. Magnesium 5. Sulfur

Which of the elements would have the greatest electron affinity (the most negative number)? Aluminum 2. Silicon 3. Chlorine 4. Magnesium 5. Sulfur

Which of the elements would have the highest metallic character? Aluminum 2. Silicon 3. Chlorine 4. Magnesium 5. Sulfur

Rubidium (n=37) would have all of the following characteristics except: 1. High Conductivity 2. High Malleability 3. High Brittleness 4. Solid at Room Temperature 5. 1 Valence Electron

Bromine (n=35) would have which of the following characteristics? 1. High Conductivity 2. High Malleability 3. High Brittleness 4. Solid at Room Temperature 5. 7 Valence Electrons