 Bellringer

Standards B.3.c. Describe the basic provisions and immediate impact of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution B.3.e. Analyze the immediate and long-term influences of Reconstruction on the lives of African Americans and U.S. society as a whole Learning Targets U3T2 I can identify the significance of the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments. U3T3 I can evaluate the successes and failures of various Reconstruction policies. U3T4 I can describe the Jim Crow laws.

 What were the problems of Reconstruction? How were the the Reconstruction Amendments ignored in the South?

Describe what you see in this photo. What is this picture of? Why do you think that?

 Sharecropping “Economic Slavery”  After the Civil War, many freed men and woman struggled to find work/jobs  Many only knew the work they had done as a slave BEFORE the war  Freedmen in the south had to turn to sharecropping: a form of tenant farming in which the landowner provides a tenant not only with land but also with the money needed to purchase equipment and supplies and possibly also food, clothing, and supervision Remember: The Freedman’s Bureau did not help freed slaves find jobs

  Read the contract between a landowner and a newly hired sharecropper  Answer the questions using evidence/quotes from the contract Sharecropping Contract

  White Southerners, seeking to control the freedmen (former slaves), devised special state law codes called black codes.  Southerners were scared of any black political power in the South  Many Northerners saw these black codes as blatant attempts to restore slavery. Black Codes

  Radical Republicans were FURIOUS at the development of sharecropping and black codes  So the RR passed the Reconstruction Amendments (changes) to the Constitution  13 th : abolished and outlawed slavery  14 th : equal protection for natural rights (life, liberty, happiness)  15 th : black men right to vote The National Government responds

  When the South refused to pass the 14 th amendment …the National Gov’t divided the South into military zones AND removed leaders from local office  Instead of freedmen replacing the leaders in gov’t OTHER white people called scalawags and carpetbaggers took their place  Scalawags: White southerners who joined the Republican Party. There were mixed motivations. Some wanted rapid industrialization, some opposed slavery and secession, some were selfish office seekers who used blacks to gain elective office by stuffing ballot boxes etc.  Carpetbaggers: Northerners who moved South. There were again various motives to support reconstruction. Some were teachers and clergy who really wanted to help former slaves, some were Union soldiers who preferred a warm climate, some were entrepreneurs, some were dishonest profit seekers. Scalawags and Carpetbaggers

Try to list at least 3 problems

  caption Analyzing a Political Cartoon labels that identify parts of the cartoon symbol caption voice or thought bubble importan t person exaggerated detail

 2.What other examples of the six artistic devices can you identify in this cartoon? 3.What do you think is the cartoonist’s message? 4.How does the cartoonist use artistic devices to communicate his message? This cartoon shows Lincoln and Johnson trying to repair a torn map of the United States, representing the division created during the Civil War. Lincoln, once a rail splitter, is using a rail to push the North and South closer to one another. Johnson, once a tailor, is using a needle and thread to stitch together the two sides. Answer the rest of questions

Analyzing a Political Cartoon You and your partner will work together to complete the other cartoons 1. What artistic devices can you identify in this cartoon? Match each letter to a device.  important people  symbols  exaggerated details  labels that identify parts of the cartoon  voice or thought bubbles  a caption 2. What other examples of the six artistic devices can you identify in this cartoon? 3. What do you think is the cartoonist’s message? 4. How does the cartoonist use artistic devices to communicate his message?

 Problems in society for the freedmen  At the end of Reconstruction in 1877 black codes began being called Jim Crow Laws  Jim Crow was the name of a white performer who dressed up as a black man and made fun of the freedmen  Jim Crow laws made segregation legal in the United States

 Exit Slip