Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Systems Investigation and Analysis Chapter 12

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Principles and Learning Objectives Effective systems development requires a team effort of stakeholders, users, managers, systems development specialists, and various support personnel, and it starts with careful planning. –Identify the key participants in the systems development process and discuss their roles. –Define the term information systems planning and list several reasons for initiating a systems project. –Identify important system performance requirements for applications that run on the Internet or a corporate intranet or extranet. –Discuss three trends that illustrate the impact of enterprise resource planning software packages on systems development.

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Principles and Learning Objectives Systems development often uses tools to select, implement, and monitor projects, including net present value (NPV), prototyping, rapid application development, CASE tools, and object-oriented development. –Discuss the key features, advantages, and disadvantages of the traditional, prototyping, rapid application development, and end- user systems development life cycles. –Identify several factors that influence the success or failure of a systems development project. –Discuss the use of CASE tools and the object-oriented approach to systems development.

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Principles and Learning Objectives Systems development starts with investigation and analysis of existing systems. –State the purpose of systems investigation. –Discuss the importance of performance and cost objectives. –State the purpose of systems analysis and discuss some of the tools and techniques used in this phase of systems development.

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition An Overview of Systems Development

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Participants in Systems Development

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Initiating Systems Development

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Information Systems Planning

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Aligning Corporate and IS Goals

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Developing a Competitive Advantage Creative analysis Critical analysis –Going beyond automating manual systems –Question assumptions –Identify and resolve conflicting objectives

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Establishing Objectives for Systems Development Performance objectives –Output quality or usefulness –Output format quality or usefulness –Speed at which output is produced Cost objectives –Development costs –Fixed investments –Ongoing operating costs –Uniqueness costs

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Systems Development and E- Commerce Internet technology - enables companies to extend their information systems beyond their boundaries to reach their customers, suppliers, and partners. Dynamic Core Business Application that runs over the Web - must be reliable and fault tolerant, providing continuous availability while processing all transactions accurately.

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Trends in Systems Development and ERP ERP vendor as one-stop provider Applications to integrate with ERP systems External consulting

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Systems Development Life Cycles

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Systems Development Life Cycles

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition The Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Advantages and Disadvantages of Traditional SDLC

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Prototyping

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Prototyping

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Advantages and Disadvantages of Prototyping

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Rapid Application Development (RAD)

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Reasons for Outsourcing

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Factors Affecting Systems Development Success Degree of Change –Continuous Improvement versus Reengineering –Managing change

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Factors Affecting Systems Development Success

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Quality and Standards

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition The Capability Maturity Model (CMM)

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Project Management Project schedule Project milestone Project deadline Critical path

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Use of Project Management Tools

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Use of Project Management Tools

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) Tools Automate many of the tasks required in a systems development effort and enforce adherence to the SDLC, thus instilling a high degree of rigor and standardization to the entire systems development process Upper-CASE tools - CASE packages that focus on activities associated with the early stages of systems development. Lower-CASE tools - focus on the later stages of systems development and are capable of automatically generating structured program code. Integrated-CASE tools - provide links between upper- and lower-CASE packages.

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition CASE Tools

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Object-Oriented Systems Development Object-oriented systems development typically involves: Identifying potential problems and opportunities within the organization that would be appropriate for the OO approach Defining the kind of system users require Designing the system Programming or modifying modules Evaluation by users Periodic review and modification

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Systems Investigation In general, systems investigation attempts to uncover answers to the following questions: –What primary problems might a new or enhanced system solve? –What opportunities might a new or enhanced system provide? –What new hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, personnel, or procedures will improve an existing system or are required in a new system? –What are the potential costs (variable and fixed)? –What are the associated risks?

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Participants in Systems Investigation

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Feasibility Analysis

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Sample Net Present Value Calculation

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Object-Oriented Systems Investigation

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition The Systems Investigation Report

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Systems Analysis

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Identifying Sources of Data

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Collecting Data

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Data Analysis Data modeling Activity modeling Application flowcharts Grid charts CASE tools

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Data and Activity Modeling

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Application Flowcharts

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Grid Charts

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Requirements Analysis Asking directly Critical success factors (CSFs) The IS plan Screen and report layout

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition The IS Plan

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Screen and Report Layout

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Object-Oriented Systems Analysis

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition The Systems Analysis Report

Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition Summary Systems development team - of stakeholders, users, managers, systems development specialists, and various support personnel Five phases of the traditional SDLC - investigation, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance and review Systems investigation participants - stakeholders, users, managers, employees, analysts, and programmers