© Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. MCSE: Windows Server 2003 Active Directory Planning, Implementation, and Maintenance Study Guide, Second Edition (70-294) Chapter 4: Configuring Sites and Managing Replication

Active Directory Physical Component Constraints 2 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Network bandwidth Network cost

Connectivity Terminology 3 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. LAN – Local Area Network WAN – Wide Area Network Internet

Active Directory Replication 4 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Keeps information consistent among domain controllers Replication is the process by which changes to the AD database are transferred among domain controllers

Two Main Reasons for Active Directory Sites 5 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Service Requests Replication

Site Planning 6 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. AD data store supports multimaster replication Ideally, every site within an organization has reliable, high- speed connections Subnets can be defined among sites

Basic Objects for Managing Replication 7 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Subnets Sites Site links

Creating Sites 8 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Primary method is with the Active Directory Sites and Services tool

Active Directory Object Name Types 9 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Organization (O) Domain Component (DC) Common Name (CN)

Creating Subnets 10 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Created after sites are created Based on TCP/IP address information Created with Active Directory Sites and Services tool

Configuring Sites 11 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. After creating sites and defining subnets, it is necessary to assign servers to specific sites and configure the site licensing options Placing servers in sites tells AD replication services how to replicate information for various types of servers

Two Main Areas of Synchronization 12 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Intrasite – synchronization among domain controllers located in the same site Intersite – synchronization among domain controllers located in different sites

Intrasite Replication 13 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. One DC contacts others; compares logical sequence numbers in its own AD with that of others Uses Remote Procedure Call (RPC) protocol

Intersite Replication 14 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Optimized for low-bandwidth and less- reliable connections Protocols that can be used are: –RPC Over Internet Protocol (IP) –Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Replication schedule can be configured

Site Link Environment Factors 15 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Transporting information Assigning a cost value Determining a replication schedule

Connection Objects 16 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Provide a way to set up different types of replication schedules Can be created with the Active Directory Sites and Services tool

Moving Server Objects 17 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Active Directory Sites and Services tool can be used to move servers between sites After the move, all replication topology settings are updated automatically

Bridgehead Servers 18 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Help minimize replication traffic in larger network environments Allow you to dedicate machines that are better connected to receive replicated data

Server Topology Issues 19 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. How you should place domain controllers within the network environment –Microsoft recommends at least two controllers in each domain How to manage the use of Global Catalog servers –Generally, make GC servers available in every site that has a slow link

Steps for Troubleshooting AD Replication 20 © Wiley Inc All Rights Reserved. Verify network connectivity Verify router and firewall configurations Examine the event logs Monitor replication with Replication Monitor Verify site links Verify that information is synchronized Verify authentication scenarios Verify replication topology