9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation Objectives –Summarize the role of cyclin proteins in controlling the cell cycle. –Explain how cancer relates to the cell cycle. –Describe the role of apoptosis. –Summarize the two types of stem cells and their potential uses. Review Vocabulary –Nucleotide-subunit that makes up DNA and RNA molecules

9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation New Vocabulary –Cyclin –Cyclin-dependent kinase –Cancer –Carcinogen –Apoptosis –Stem cell Main idea –The normal cell cycle is regulated by cyclin proteins.

Normal Cell Cycle Different cyclin/cyclin- dependent kinase (____) combinations signal other activities, including ____ replication, ______ _______, and nuclear division throughout the _______

Quality Control Checkpoints The ______ has built-in _______ that monitor the cycle and can stop it if something goes wrong. Spindle ______ also have been identified in _________

Abnormal Cell Cycle: Cancer ____ is the uncontrolled growth and ______ of cells _______ cells can kill an organism by crowding out ______ ______, resulting in the loss of ___________.

Causes of Cancer The changes that occur in the regulation of _____ and division of ________ are due to _________ Various environmental factors, such as, ________, ___________, ultraviolet radiation and _______ can affect the occurrence of cancer cells.

Apoptosis Programmed ___________ Cells going through _____ actually shrink and shrivel in a controlled process _______ can help to protect organisms from developing __________________

Stem Cells ________ that can develop into _______ cells when under the right conditions

Stem Cells Embryonic Stem Cells –After _______, the resulting mass of cells divides repeatedly until there are about _________. These cells have not become specialized. Adult Stem Cells –Found in various ________ in the body and might be used to _______ the same kind of tissue –Less controversial because the adult ____________ can be obtained with the consent of their donor

9.3 Summary The cell cycle of ______ is regulated by _______ ________ occur during most of the stages of the cell cycle to ensure that the cell divides accurately ________ is the uncontrolled _______ and division of cells ________ is the uncontrolled _______ and division of cells _________ is a programmed cell ________ ______ cells are ______ cells that can develop into specialized cells with the __________