Put on your thinking cap! Put these terms in a sequence that could explain how a cell might be able to obtain food from the external environment without having to eat… –Digestion –Digestive enzymes –Membrane permeability –Diffusion –Absorption

KINGDOM FUNGI (ch. 18)

5 kingdoms: monerans protists plants animals fungi 3 domains: bacteria archaea eukaryotes protists plants animals fungi

Kingdom Fungi 1) More closely related to animals than plants 2) Composed mostly of hyphae 3) Cells surrounded by cell wall made of chitin (think insects) 4) Most are multicellular…..cytoplasm flows from one cell to another

Kingdom Fungi 5) Hyphae form a mat = mycelium mycelia = specialized for nutrient absorption 6) Mycelium allows fungi to be heterotrophic 7) Feeding style = absorptive nutrition i. fungus secretes digestive enzymes ii. Mycelium absorbs small org. molecules

Kingdom Fungi Honey mushroom in Oregon----mycelium stretches for 3.5 miles (1600 football fields!!)

Kingdom Fungi 8) Decomposers 9) Live on decaying matter --OR-- they are parasitic 10) Essential to returning nutrients to environment

Kingdom Fungi 11) Reproduce asexually using spores 12) Can reproduce sexually if 2 mycelia run into each other

On the computers…. Phsuccessnet.com –Complete ch. 18 Fungiquest (Explore the diversity of fungus) –Complete activity 18.1 –Put answers on a separate sheet of paper. Begin to research what type of fungus you will be bringing in for the FUNGUS FAIR –Let Mrs. Romano know before you leave today.

Video What’s in your dust? The Importance of Fungi in a Rainforest How Fungi Adapt Intro to Fungi

Grouping Fungi by life cycle 5 Major categories: 1) zygote fungi 2) sac fungi 3) club fungi 4) yeasts 5) molds

Grouping Fungi by life cycle 5 Major categories: 1) zygote fungi terrestrial, live in soil on decaying animal/ plants food available, hyphae spread & reproduce asexually food not available, mycelium connect and form zygosporangium example: black bread mold  Rhizopus stolonifer

Grouping Fungi by life cycle 5 Major categories: 2) sac fungi ascus contain spores

Grouping Fungi by life cycle 5 Major categories: 3) club fungi most famous  mushrooms Basidium (on gills) form spores

Grouping Fungi by life cycle 5 Major categories: 4) yeasts like moist environments asexual reproduction (“budding”) OR sexual (** not its own category) IMPERFECT FUNGI- no known sexual stage of reproduction

Grouping Fungi by life cycle 5 Major categories: 5) molds any fungus that grows rapidly on a surface spores are airborne warm, moist environments ** Not its own category**

Fungi—relationships to other organisms 1)Symbiosis- close relationships among organisms mutualistic: both organisms benefit lichens: fungus + alga mycorrhizae: fungus + plants (roots)

Fungi—relationships to other organisms 2) Disease-causers plant parasites animal parasites ringworm yeast infections athlete’s foot

Fungi—relationships to other organisms 3) food mushrooms truffles cheeses breads beer wine antibiotics

Fungi—relationships to other organisms 4) Nutrient cycles fungi + bacteria free essential nutrients from organic molecules