PROTISTS FUNGI PLANTS

PROTISTS What is a Protist? Eukaryotic organism that is not a plant, animal, or fungi, but may contain characteristics of any of them Major Characteristics Protists don’t fit into any other kingdom so their characteristics vary widely Cell Type: eukaryotes Cell Structure: have cell walls & cell membranes, nuclei, some have chloroplasts, flagella, or cilia

PROTISTS Body Plan: most unicellular, some multicellular Metabolism: autotrophs or heterotrophs Reproduction: sexual or asexual Organization of Kingdom—placed out convenience, not based on any ancestry Animal-like protists: protozoa—ingest food by phagocytosis, mouth-like structures or use pseudopods to move and engulf prey Plant-like protists: algal protists—photosynthetic, contain chlorophyll, carotenoids, other pigments Fungus-like protists: sporozoans—immobile, heterotrophic, reproduce sexually in 1 host and then asexually in the next, parasitic

PROTISTS Euglena—protozoa (animal-like) Algal protists (plant-like) Sporozoan (fungus-like)

PROTISTS Protists and Disease Many protists are spread by mosquitoes and flies when they bite They are parasites in humans Protists cause: malaria, African sleeping sickness, as well as others that are often in dirty water

FUNGUS Major Characteristics Live everywhere Type of fungus in soil depends on plant type Nonvascular organisms More closely related to animal kingdom than plant kingdom Cell Type: Eukaryotes Cell Structure: have cell walls, may have chloroplasts, small nuclei w/little repetitive DNA Body Plan: multicellular Metabolism: heterotrophs

FUNGUS Reproduction: sexual and asexual 4 Major Phyla: Chydridiomycota: mostly aquatic Zygomycota: common black bread mold; important decomposers of dead organic matter Ascomycetes: Mildew and yeast; Morels are highly prized for their flavors and can cost hundreds of dollars per ounce; largest group of fungus with over 60,000 species Basidiomycetes: mushrooms; majority are underground until they need to reproduce

FUNGUS