Ada How was Ada conceived. The language, not the lady

Basic History 1970’s United States DoD decided to upgrade their entire software systems. Programming competition with a strict set of requirements held. Team from France led by Jean Ichbiah wins competition and created a new High level language. Team names Language “Ada” after Lady lovelace( ) versions: Ada82, Ada85, Ada2005, Ada 2012,

A first Look One of the more flexible high level languages. Ada uses a procedure with no parameters. BEGIN and END defines the body of the procedure Sixty nine reserve words Operator symbols: =,/=,. =,&,+,-,/,* Non symbol operators: and,or,xor,not,abs,rem,mod

Data Types Ada83 has no predefined inheritance hierarchy Ada allows you to define your own types and create new types. Enumerations types- Boolean values which are only True or False; NOT numeric types. Modular types- ex.: Type byte is mod 2**8; Composite types- Record types are very similar to a struct in C. Task types-concurrent thread of execution. Other types include: Scalar types, access types, fixed/floating point types.

Loops For loops are relatively simple in every languages One of fundamental building blocks of any program is iteration. For loops can be used to traverse a 2-d arrays. The simplest loop is an unconditional loop…

Conditional statements The if statement: condition must always evaluate to a Boolean value; Case statements: No need to explicitly break at the end of each case. Avoid GoTo statements!!(unconditional statement)

subprograms Ada provides two kinds of subprograms Procedures never return a value… There are 3 passing modes for procedure parameters… Functions always return a value… Function parameters can only have the IN mode

Packages are all around us. The primary structure used for encapsulation is called a package. Used to group data and subprograms Usually consist of two parts, the specification and a package body. The package specifications… The package body…

A Very OOP language Created in the Ada95 version. Also brought inheritance to Ada… Derivation is used to let a new type inherit. Type extension is a direct link to type derivation… Extensible types aka tagged types..

Polymorphism When the compiler processes a function…. Polymorphic behavior must be elicited within parameterized procedure.. Ada triggers polymorphic behavior through…

Exception Handling There are 5 predefined exceptions: CONTSTAINT_ERROR NUMERIC_ERROR PROGRAM_ERROR STORAGE_ERROR TASKING_ERROR What happens if there is no exception handler?

Concurrency Two models for concurrency: Tasking is implemented using Ada syntax. Each task is a sequential entity that may operate concurrently with and communicate with other tasks. Once a task is created and activated…