Geography 1.2 Using the Geographer’s Tools. Organizing the Globe Latitude = Grid Longitude Degrees - 180° Minutes – 60’ Seconds-60”

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Presentation transcript:

Geography 1.2 Using the Geographer’s Tools

Organizing the Globe Latitude = Grid Longitude Degrees - 180° Minutes – 60’ Seconds-60”

Latitude Parallel East-West Direction Equator

Longitude North-South Direction Intersect at the poles Prime Meridian

Hemisphere

Organization of Earth Divided at the Equator Northern & Southern Hemisphere

Organization of Earth Divided at the Prime Meridian Eastern & Western Hemisphere

Continents

Oceans

Map Making Atlas- collection of maps in one book

Map Making Map Projections *Distortions

Making Maps Map Projections * Cylindrical Projection *Conic Projection *Flat-Plane Projection

Map Making Map ProjectionsAdvantagesDisadvantages Cylindrical Used by navigators b/c it shows true direction & shape Exaggerates landmasses at high latitudes Conic Accurate for areas w/ long east-west dimensions Not as accurate for areas that extend mostly north to south Flat-Plane Used by pilots and navigators b/c it shows true direction, area, & sizes Distorts shapes

Understanding Map Elements Distance Scales

Understanding Map Elements Directional Indicators * Compass Rose

Understanding Map Elements Legends

Understanding Map Elements Contiguous- connecting or bordering Example: U.S. Map has 50 states *48 contiguous states *Insert of Alaska & Hawaii

Special-Purpose Maps Political Map

Special-Purpose Maps Climate Maps

Special-Purpose Maps Precipitation Maps

Special-Purpose Maps Population Maps

Special-Purpose Maps Economic Map

Graphs & Pyramids Climate Graph

Graphs & Pyramids Population Pyramid

Special-Purpose Maps Elevation Maps

Special-Purpose Maps Topographic Maps