Definition of Terms Software/Programs Programs that directs the operation of a computer system Set of instructions Codes Programming Process of planning, designing, and writing a program Algorithms Set of rules for solving a problem in a set of steps Set of instructions performed to achieve a goal

Pseudo-code Codes that needs conversion to actual programming code A notation that resembles a programming language Bug An error or defect in a system Debugging Process or steps for detecting and removing errors Malfunction or a flaw Control Structures Steps that controls the flow of execution

Steps in Problem Solving 1. Understand or Analyze the Problem What are the requirements? What needs to be achieved? What are the given data? 2. Formulate a solution & provide alternatives Create a design Examine and choose the best solution or alternatives 3. Implement, Test, or Execute the solution Check every step Determine if alternatives are viable

Steps in Problem Solving 4. Evaluate or Review the solution or alternatives Did the solution/alternatives achieved the goal? Was it the best solution/alternative? Can we make the solution better? Can we optimized it?

Control Structures Sequence Steps or statements are performed in a sequence

Control Structures Condition Control flows in one of two paths

Control Structures Loop or iteration Process repeats itself until the condition is satisfied

Flowchart/Flowcharting Graphical representation of the flow of logic Document flowchart Data flowchart System flowchart Program flowchart

Flowchart Symbols

Credits dictionary.com wikipedia.com ectures/27-Flowcharting.htm