Detector R&D for ILC Y. Sugimoto Mar

Outline Detector for ILC Boundary Conditions Performance Goals Detector Concepts Milestones R&D of Sub-detectors Global activities Activities in Japan Vertex Detector TPC Calorimeter Others

Detector for ILC

Boundary Conditions Energy and Liminosity 1 st phase: E CM =500 GeV, L= ~3x10 34 Two Interaction Points One with small crossing angle (0~2 mrad) The other with large crossing angle (~20 mrad) compatible with  -  collider (e+ e- at the 1 st phase) Cold Machine 2820 BX/train, 5 trains/sec 337 ns bunch spacing  Separation is easy Background Low E e+/e- (pair background) Neutron, X-ray,  Two-photon background

Beam Structure ILC

Performance Goal Vertex Detector Impact param. res. :  b = 5  10/(p  sin 3/2  )  m Charm and  ID is important : c  ~ 100  m >>  b Tracker  p t /p t 2 = 5x10 -5 /GeV Calorimeter Jet energy resolution :  E /E = 30%/E 1/2 Hermeticity Forward coverage down to ~5 mrad

Performance Goal Jet Energy Resolution  E /E = 30%/E 1/2 is necessary to separate W and Z Charged (~60%) by central tracker Gammas (~30%) by EM CAL Neutral hadrons (~10%) by H CAL Isolate and identify each shower cluster in CAL  Particle (Energy) Flow Algorithm (PFA) Confusion between charged tracks and  /nh cluster in the CAL gives the largest contribution to  E /E Segmentation rather than single- particle resolution is important for CAL  E /E = 0.6/E  E /E = 0.3/E

Detector Concepts Three detector models are proposed: SiD ; Silicon Detector – Si tracker and Si/W ECAL LDC; Large Detector Concept – TPC and Si/W ECAL GLD; Global Large Detector – TPC and Scinti-base ECAL All three models aim for optimization for PFA  Large BR 2 /R m (R m : Effective Moliere Length) B R 2 – SiD BR 2 – LDC B R 2 – GLD

Detector Concepts SiDLDCGLD

Comparison of parameters SiDLDCGLD [1] SolenoidB(T)543 Rin(m) L(m) E st (GJ) Main TrackerR min (m) R max (m) BL  m  7150 N sample  pt/pt 2 3.6e-51.5e-4 [2] 1.2 e-4 [2] [1] All parameters are tentative. [2] Using TPC only. Factor x2 improvement with VTX

Comparison of parameters SiDLDCGLD ECALR in (m) BR in TypeW/Si (W/Sci) R m eff (mm)1824.4(16.2) BR in 2 /R m eff Z (m) BZ 2 /R m eff X0X E+H CAL t (m)

Milestones of ILC GDI (Design) (Construction) Technology Choice Acc CDR TDRStart Global Lab. Det. Detector Outline Documents CDRsLOIs R&D Phase Collaboration Forming Construction WWS Detector R&D Panel Tevatron SLAC B LHC HERA T2K Done!

R&D of Sub-Detectors

Global Collaboration There are several global collaboration of R&D activities for detector components: Horizontal Collaboration –TPC –CALICE –SiLC –etc. These collaborations are somewhat independent of (orthogonal to) detector concept study groups Concept study (V) x Component R&D (H) makes a Matrix

R&D Activities in Japan Activities in Japan are basically aiming for application for large gaseous detector (GLD) Activities in Japan are basically aiming for application for large gaseous detector (GLD) Simulation study for GLD is urgent Simulation study for GLD is urgent R&D for three major sub-detectors (VTX, TPC, CAL) +  on going R&D for three major sub-detectors (VTX, TPC, CAL) +  on going TPC group is a part of the horizontal collab. TPC group is a part of the horizontal collab.

Sub-detectors of GLD ECAL ECAL HCAL HCAL Main tracker Main tracker Solenoid magnet Solenoid magnet Si inner tracker Si inner tracker Vertex detector Vertex detector Si pair monitor Si pair monitor Muon system Si outer tracker Si endcap tracker Si forward disks Forward calorimeter Beam calorimeter PID DAQ system

R&D for Vertex Detector Collaboration  KEK  Tohoku  Tohoku Gakuin  Niigata  Toyama Collage of Maritime Tech.

R&D for Vertex Detector If one train of 2820 bunches are accumulated, too many hits by beam b.g.  for 25  m pixels, the pixel occupancy > 20% Solutions;  Fast readout : Column Parallel 20 frames/train No time to wait for diffusion in epi-layer after particle incident  Fully depleted CCD  Poor resolution Still smaller pixel size is necessary to recover the resolution Possible effect by RF noise by beam  Analog registers in each pixel (~20/pixel), and readout between trains CMOS: Flexible Active Pixel Sensor (FAPS) CCD: In-situ Storage Image Sensor (ISIS) Fine and complicated structure  Large area OK?  Make pixel density x20  Fine Pixel CCD (FPCCD)

R&D for Vertex Detector FPCCD  Pixel size ~5  m  Fully depleted to suppress the increase of number of hit pixels by diffusion  Accumulate hits in one train and readout between trains  No effect by beam-induced RF noise  Readout speed: ~15MHz is OK (128(V)x20000(H)/200ms=12.8MHz)  Simpler structure than FAPS or ISIS  Large area  Readout circuit on one edge  Easy to control temp.  Spatial resolution ~1.5  m with digital readout

R&D for Vertex Detector Challenges of FPCCD  Pixel size Poly-Si gate:OK, Al-layer:R&D necessary  Tracking efficiency 40hits/mm 2 (R=20mm, B=3T)  Tracking eff. sim. is an urgent task  Thin and large wafer 50  m thick, 20x100mm 2  Lorentz angle Lower B (GLD) is preferable  Readout electronics ~500e for inclined tracks  Radiation hardness

Standard CCD Fine Pixel CCD High Pt Signal Low Pt b.g. Z  B.G. rejection by hit cluster shape (tracking capability with single layer!)

R&D for Vertex Detector Plan  Short term (by 2006 spring) Simulation study for tracking efficiency and flavor tagging efficiency Study of full-depleted CCDs (12  m pixel)  Mid term (by the end of 2007) Fabrication of prototype ladders Test of the prototypes

R&D for TPC Collaboration KEK Tsukuba Tokyo Tokyo Noukou Kougakuin Kinki Saga +International Collab. (Mindanao, MPI, DESY, etc.)

R&D for TPC Why TPC? Wire tension of large size DC requires thick end-plate Recent development of Micro Pattern Gas Detector (MPGD) for electron-multiplication DCTPC (MWPC) TPC (MPGD) 2-hit separation~2mm~10mm~2mm # of sampling<100~200 RR ~100  m~200  m~100  m Sector boundaryNoneLargeSmall

R&D for TPC Challenges of MPGD TPC for ILC Resolution (  R ,  Z,  dE/dx, 2-track separation) Gas choice (Diffusion, B.G. immunity) End-plate design and readout electronics Magnetic field (strength and uniformity) Temperature stabilization Positive ion back-drift Large size Large size MPGD and end-plate design Field cage Robustness Beam background Discharge Stability

R&D for TPC Present activity Beam/Cosmic test using MPI-TPC We have beam and large bore solenoid (1.2T) at KEK 2

R&D for TPC Present activity R&D of MPGD CERN GEM (bi-conical): Tested in MPI-TPC Fuchigami GEM (straight hall) Saclay micro-MEGAS

R&D for TPC Plan Short term (by 2006 spring) Study (optimization) of small size MPGDs  Beam test of MPI-TPC with MPGDs (GEM, micro-MEGAS) Study of gas TPC simulation Design of large size prototype Mid term (by the end of 2007) Construction of the prototype Beam test of the prototype Study of technologies needed for the TPC for the ILC experiment

R&D for Calorimeter Collaboration Collaboration Niigata Niigata Tsukuba Tsukuba Shinshu Shinshu Kobe Kobe (Tohoku) (Tohoku) (KEK) (KEK) KEK and Tohoku are involved in simulation study KEK and Tohoku are involved in simulation study Calorimeter is the key component in the detector concept study (GLD) Calorimeter is the key component in the detector concept study (GLD)

R&D for Calorimeter R&D Goal R&D Goal Design of the calorimeter for ILC experiment optimized for Particle Flow Algorithm (PFA) Design of the calorimeter for ILC experiment optimized for Particle Flow Algorithm (PFA) Simulation study and prototype beam test Simulation study and prototype beam test Technology Option Technology Option ECAL should have small Moliere length  Tungsten absorber ECAL should have small Moliere length  Tungsten absorber Huge detector (GLD) requires low cost CAL (W/Si might be too expensive)  Scintillator base Huge detector (GLD) requires low cost CAL (W/Si might be too expensive)  Scintillator base Extremely high granularity  SiPM readout Extremely high granularity  SiPM readout

R&D for Calorimeter Present Activity Present Activity Detector Full Simulation Detector Full Simulation Study of scintillator strip/block with WLSF readout Study of scintillator strip/block with WLSF readout ECAL beam test module with MAPMT

R&D for Calorimeter Present Activity Present Activity Study of SiPM Study of SiPM HPK SiPM

R&D for Calorimeter Plan Plan Short term (by 2006 spring) Short term (by 2006 spring) Optimization for PFA by full simulator Optimization for PFA by full simulator Design of readout electronics for the prototype Design of readout electronics for the prototype Continue study of SiPM and scint. strip/block Continue study of SiPM and scint. strip/block Mid term (by the end of 2007) Mid term (by the end of 2007) Optimization of PFA by full simulator Optimization of PFA by full simulator Design and construction of the prototype CAL optimized for PFA Design and construction of the prototype CAL optimized for PFA Beam test of the prototype CAL at FNAL Beam test of the prototype CAL at FNAL

Other R&D activities in Japan Solenoid and iron structure –ANSYS calculation Detector concept study for SiD 3D-pixel pair monitor Machine-Detector Interface

Summary  ILC Detector R&D activity at KEK IPNS:  Detector concept study for GLD  Detector component R&D  FPCCD vertex detector  TPC main tracker  W/Scintillator base calorimeter  ILC 測定器研究会  ３月３日（木）９：００より ５日（土）１ ２：００まで  KEK 研究本館レクチャーホール