Vocabulary Week 7 Aufbau Principle Pauli Exclusion Principle Hund’s Rule Electron Configuration Valance Electron importune espouse discomfit conjecture hackneyed

Half Life Practice 1. The Carbon-14 in a sample of bone has ¼ its original amount. How old is the bone? (Carbon-14 has a half life of 5730 years)

Half Life Practice 2. Only half of an original dose of radon-222 remains in a test subject. How long ago was the radon introduced into the test subject’s body? (Radon-22 has a half life of 3.8 days)

Half Life Practice 3. Uranium-239 is used as a tracking isotope in the human body. Once it is introduced into the human body, how long will it take to degrade to less 1/8 of it’s original amount? (U-239 has a half life of 23.9 minutes)

Half Life Practice 4. Barium-139 has a half life of 27 minutes. How long will it take to degrade to 1/16 of its original amount?

The biggest problem with nuclear power is _____________. A. Nuclear meltdown B. Not enough energy is produced C. Waste disposal

A. Fission, fusion, fission B. Fission, fusion, fusion C. Fusion, fission, fission D. Fusion, fission, fusion Combining two nuclei is called ____________, while breaking one nuclei into parts is called ___________. Nuclear power uses the process of ___________.

We only have ________ until your midterm. A.One month B.3 months C.2 weeks D.4 days

The green group represents which orbital? A.S B.P C.D D.F

S orbital

P orbitals

Electron Fill Sequence

Electron Configuration Practice Beryllium Fluorine Phosphorus Nickel Bromine

Electron Configuration 5p 5 6p 2 3p 1 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 4d 6 5d 8 6d 10

Electron Configuration Tells the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom Written in ground state, which is the lowest energy & most stable arrangement Follows 3 rules: 1.Aufbau Principle 2.Pauli Exclusion Principle 3.Hund’s Rule

Aufbau Principle Each electron will occupy the lowest available energy level

Pauli Exclusion Principle A maximum of 2 electrons with opposite spins can fit in an orbital

Hund’s Rule Single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal energy level before additional electrons with opposite spins can be added

Spin Diagrams Based on Pauli Exclusion Principle & Hund’s Rule

Electron Practice III Helium ___ ___ ___ Carbon ___ ___ ___ Magnesium ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

Electron Practice III Potassium __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ Aluminum __ __ __ __ __ Chlorine __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

Noble Gas Notation Simplified version of writing e- configurations Noble gas is placed in brackets [ ]

Noble Gas Notation Iron Beryllium Argon

Valence Electrons e- in the outer most energy level that determines chemical properties Lithium = 1s 2 2s 1 Bromine = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 5 Aluminum = [Ne] 3s 2 3p 1 Family Number

Electron Dot Chemical symbol & valence electrons of atom Valuable in showing how atoms share electrons in covalent bonds