A Context Model based on Ontological Languages: a Proposal for Information Visualization School of Informatics Castilla-La Mancha University Ramón Hervás José Bravo Jesús Fontecha Journal of Universal Computer Science 2010

Outline Introduction Context Model Backgrounds Modeling by Means of Ontological Formal Def. Proposal: A Generic and Adaptable Context Model Conclusion 2

3 Context Characterize the situation of an entity

4 Context-Aware Application Use context to provide relevant information and/or service to user where depends on the user’s task

5W 5 Context Information Who, Where, When, What & Why

6 Semantic Web Enhance the degree of independence Reduce the adaptation effort Increase the system flexibility Model-driven approach Rule-based system Expressiveness of the model Knowledge management techniques Reasoning mechanisms

7 Context Model Context detection Context queries Context adaptation Explicit representation

Requirements Generality Richness and detail Distributed composition Partial Validation Quality of information Ambiguity handling Level of formality Applicability to real environments Evolutionary development Interoperability Reasoning and inference Ease of use 8

9 Ontology Specification of conceptualization Bridge between Science and Philosophy

Benefits Structuring, organizing and reusing knowledge Acquiring context from diverse and heterogeneous sources Reducing inconsistencies and generating additional context Interoperability among models or specific domain vocabularies Reducing the difficulties related to the technological diversity Reducing the adaptation effort and increasing the element reuse 10

Benefits Allow and simplify the communication among humans, systems Enable the selectively access subsets of large amount of maintained context Define smart behaviors of the environment entities depending on the context situation Reduce the cost of implementing and maintaining the context model Enable the detection of inconsistencies and, even, resolve them Facilitate the dynamic and spontaneous entities discovery 11

12 Identity Location Activity Time Identity Location Environment Time User Platform Environment

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User Model Requisites Ambiguity solving – Unworthy user modal data Privacy and feedback – User’s situation Model formalization – Expressive graphical representation Model generalization – Diverse usage purpose Personal information embodying – Personal devices Launching – Highly dynamic 16

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Device Model Requisites Definition of relationships – Service Device User Conceptualization of device status – Define general properties, specialization of the status Dependencies and relationships between devices Taxonomical organization – Sensors, actuators, autonomous devices, dependent devices Software and hardware profiles – General characteristics 18

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Visualization Service Model Requisites Relationship between visualization and context – Visual data representation Metaphors and patterns – Human perception Visualization pipeline – Visual mapping Methods and interaction paradigms – Interact with the service 21

Visualization Service Model Requisites Structure and characteristics of the view – Display various types of contents Social issues – Social user group Data Characteristics – Transform the data sets to visual representation Scalability – Zooming, paging, filtering… 22

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Conclusions One context model – Frame-based formal language Two dimensions – 5W,4O 24

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