Descriptive Statistics Chapter 2

§ 2.5 Measures of Position

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 3 Quartiles The three quartiles, Q 1, Q 2, and Q 3, approximately divide an ordered data set into four equal parts. Median Q3Q3 Q2Q2 Q1Q1 Q 1 is the median of the data below Q 2. Q 3 is the median of the data above Q 2.

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 4 Finding Quartiles Example : The quiz scores for 15 students is listed below. Find the first, second and third quartiles of the scores Order the data Lower halfUpper half Q2Q2 Q1Q1 Q3Q3 About one fourth of the students scores 37 or less; about one half score 43 or less; and about three fourths score 48 or less.

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 5 Interquartile Range The interquartile range (IQR) of a data set is the difference between the third and first quartiles. Interquartile range (IQR) = Q 3 – Q 1. Example : The quartiles for 15 quiz scores are listed below. Find the interquartile range. (IQR) = Q 3 – Q 1 Q 2 = 43Q 3 = 48Q 1 = 37 = 48 – 37 = 11 The quiz scores in the middle portion of the data set vary by at most 11 points.

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 6 Box and Whisker Plot A box - and - whisker plot is an exploratory data analysis tool that highlights the important features of a data set. The five - number summary is used to draw the graph. The minimum entry Q 1 Q 2 (median) Q 3 The maximum entry Example : Use the data from the 15 quiz scores to draw a box - and - whisker plot. Continued

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 7 Box and Whisker Plot Five - number summary The minimum entry Q 1 Q 2 (median) Q 3 The maximum entry Quiz Scores

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 8 HOMEWORK Pages # 1-3, 7-8, odd, 23, 39 (just enter data on calculator)

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 9 HOMEWORK Pages # 1-3, 7-8, odd, 23, 39 (just enter data on calculator) 1 five number summary 1,4.5,6,7.5,9 2 five number summary 1,3,5,8,9 3 The basketball team scored more points per game than 75% of the teams in the league 7 True 8 False, not the mean, the median 11 10, 20, 13, 15, 17, , 2100, 1250, 1500, 1950, 700

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 10 HOMEWORK Pages # 1-3, 7-8, odd, 23, 39 (just enter data on calculator) , , 0.1, 0.7, B=Q1 A=Q2 C=Q3 19 Q1=2 Q2=4 Q3=5 low 0 high = 9 23 A 5 b 50% c 25%

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 11 Percentiles and Deciles Fractiles are numbers that partition, or divide, an ordered data set. Percentiles divide an ordered data set into 100 parts. There are 99 percentiles : P 1, P 2, P 3 …P 99. Deciles divide an ordered data set into 10 parts. There are 9 deciles : D 1, D 2, D 3 …D 9. A test score at the 80th percentile (P 80 ), indicates that the test score is greater than 80% of all other test scores and less than or equal to 20% of the scores.

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 12 Homework Pg 100 #4-6, 9-10, even, 22, 24, 33-39

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 13 HW P100 #4-6, 9-10, E, 22, 24, & 39 4 the salesperson’s performance was better than 80% of the other sales people. 5 The student scored better than 63percent of the others that took the exam 6 The child is taller than 87% of the children in the age group 9 False, the 50 th percentile is equivalent to Q , 320, 130, 205, 270, , 85, 50, 65, 70, , 2.1, -0.3, 0.2, 0.4, T=P10 R= P50 and S=P80 based on relative position

Larson & Farber, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 3e 14 HW P100 #4-6, 9-10, E, 22, 24, & , , 15.8, 17.65, A $17.65b 50% c 50% 33 67” 20% of adult males are shorter than 5’7” th percentile. 99% of the adult males are shorter than 6’4” 39 a Q1=42 Q2 = 49 Q3 =56 B 27, 42, 49, 56, 82 C the middle half the ages are between 42 and 56 D 49 half of the executives are older and half are younger