flood n & v ( 淹没, 充满 ) She shed a flood of tears. The room is flooded with sunshine. A flood of refugees flooded in/ into the city. 大量，一群 充满 大量涌入

light n. 光 v. 点燃 adj. 轻微的 lighten v. 变亮 lighter n. 打火机

Column : 柱状物 I often read the sports column in China Daily. 专栏 Columnist 专栏作家

cause vt & n 1. Do you know what caused the accident? 2. Smoking is one of the causes of lung cancer. 3. World peace is a cause we should all work for. 拓展： cause & effect 因果 cause ：导致某事发生的原因 +of ( 不好的事情 ) reason: 说明做某事的理由 +for 引起，导致 原因 事业 We didn’t know the cause of the accident. She didn’t tell us the reason for quitting her job.

1.current n. 气流；思潮； adj. 当前的， 流行的 electrical current the current of public opinion current affairs current time 电流 舆论的动向 时事 当前时间 Eg: Duang is current in China.

2. latitude n. 纬度 eg: The two cities are on the same latitude. longitude eg: Shanghai is located in latitude 30°N and longitude 120° E. 经度

3. Bury v. 埋葬；用 …… 覆盖 bury oneself in be buried in bury one’s face in… 专心致志于 用 … 捂住脸 eg: she buried herself in homework. Because of shame, he buried his face in his hands.

4. feather n. 羽毛 feather fur skin

5. rotating (adj). 旋转的 rotate vi.&vt. 旋转 ; 轮换 eg: The earth rotates around the sun. We rotate the night shift. Farmers rotate crops in their fields.

6. occur vi. 发生； ( 某想法 ) 出现。 1. The answer to the question occurred to me in the dream. 2. It occurred to me that he was my true love. sth.occurs to sb. 某人想到 …… It occurred to sb that... occurrence n. 发生；

occur/happen/take place/break out (1)occur ：偶然发生；在指定的时间发生 (2)happen: 偶然或未能预见地发生；碰巧 A big earthquake occurred / happened in that area last month. That accident happened yesterday. (3)take place ：按计划发生。 The meeting took place at 8 ∶ 00 as planned. (4)break out 指 ( 战争、火灾、疾病等 ) 突然发生。 A fire broke out during the night.

7. pick up 1. Do you remember that we picked up dozens of shells on the beach. 2. Where did you pick up your Japanese? 3. Plz pick me up at the airport. 4. They boy seems to have picked up a bad cold. 5. His mother is beginning to pick up after two days in bed. 捡起 学会 感染，得到。 恢复（健康） 接，搭载

8. put down 1. Put down your hands. 2. Put down what the teacher says. 3. The government will put down the rebels. put forward put away put through put off put up with put aside 放下 写下，记下 镇压 提出，把 … 提前 收起来 接通 推迟 忍受把 … 放在一边

9. where it was Put the book where it was. leave: 1. I left my homework at home. 2. How long is your annual leave? leave out leave behind v. 遗忘 n. 假期 省去，遗漏 留下，忘带

Leave 的复合结构 : 让 … 处于 ( 某种状态 ); 1. leave+n/pron+ to do You can leave me to deal with this matter. 2. leave+n/pron+ adj Plz leave the door open. 3. leave+n/pron+ ved It’s careless of you to leave your door unlocked.

4. leave+n/pron+ ving I’ll leaving you doing your homework all day. 5. leave+n/pron+ prep This left her without any hope. 6. leave+n/pron+ 从句 Leave it where it is.

11. on average 平均 On average, women live longer than men. above the average below the average He was just an average sort of student. The average of four and six is five. adj. 平均的，普通的 n. 平均数

12. late adj. 接近末期的 In the late 1890s The late president. I got up late. How have you been lately? We’ll discuss this in the later chapter. See you later. latest news 已故的 adv adv. 最近，近来 adj 以后的 adv 后来 adj. 最新的

13. strike (struck, struck/stricken) 1. A big earthquake struck that area in August this year. 2.He struck a match and lit the candle. 3.The clock has just struck five. 4.An idea struck me just now. 5.The workers are still on strike. strike a balance between A and B ( 疾病、灾难 ) 侵袭 擦（火柴） （时钟）敲响 突然想起 罢工 找到折中的方法，保持平衡

14. end up 以 … 结束 The sports meeting end up with the closing ceremony. I ended up breaking my leg.