I. Waves & Particles (p. 117-124) Ch. 5 - Electrons in Atoms yC. JOHANNESSON.

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Presentation transcript:

I. Waves & Particles (p ) Ch. 5 - Electrons in Atoms yC. JOHANNESSON

A. Waves Wavelength ( ) - length of one complete wave Frequency ( ) - # of waves that pass a point during a certain time period hertz (Hz) = 1/s Amplitude (A) - distance from the origin to the trough or crest yC. JOHANNESSON

A. Waves yC. JOHANNESSON A greater amplitude (intensity) greater frequency (color) crest origin trough A

B. EM Spectrum yC. JOHANNESSON LOWENERGYLOWENERGY HIGHENERGYHIGHENERGY

B. EM Spectrum yC. JOHANNESSON LOWENERGYLOWENERGY HIGHENERGYHIGHENERGY ROYG.BIV redorangeyellowgreenblueindigoviolet

B. EM Spectrum Frequency & wavelength are inversely proportional yC. JOHANNESSON c = c:speed of light (3.00  10 8 m/s) :wavelength (m, nm, etc.) :frequency (Hz)

B. EM Spectrum EX: Find the frequency of a photon with a wavelength of 434 nm. yC. JOHANNESSON GIVEN: = ? = 434 nm = 4.34  m c = 3.00  10 8 m/s WORK : = c = 3.00  10 8 m/s 4.34  m = 6.91  Hz

B. EM Spectrum What happens to the frequency if the wavelength is shorter? Try calculating the frequency if the wavelength is 405nm. yC. JOHANNESSON

C. Quantum Theory Planck (1900) Observed - emission of light from hot objects Concluded - energy is emitted in small, specific amounts (quanta) Quantum - minimum amount of energy change yC. JOHANNESSON

C. Quantum Theory Planck (1900) yC. JOHANNESSON vs. Classical TheoryQuantum Theory

C. Quantum Theory Einstein (1905) Observed - photoelectric effect yC. JOHANNESSON

C. Quantum Theory Einstein (1905) Concluded - light has properties of both waves and particles “wave-particle duality” Photon - particle of light that carries a quantum of energy yC. JOHANNESSON

C. Quantum Theory E:energy (J, joules) h:Planck’s constant (  J·s) :frequency (Hz) yC. JOHANNESSON E = h zThe energy of a photon is proportional to its frequency.

C. Quantum Theory EX: Find the energy of a red photon with a frequency of 4.57  Hz. yC. JOHANNESSON GIVEN: E = ? = 4.57  Hz h =  J·s WORK : E = h E = (  J·s ) ( 4.57  Hz ) E = 3.03  J

C. Quantum Theory Violet light has a frequency of 7.41x10 14 Hz, does it have more or less energy than red light? yC. JOHANNESSON