Evaluating Natural Resource Investments: A Dynamic Option Simulation Approach Chung-Gee Lin Dept. of Business Mathematics Soochow University, Taiwan 2004 NTU International Conference on Finance
1. Introduction Natural resource investment (copper mine) Net Present Value (NPV) Managerial flexibilities: embedded options Real Options approach Dynamic Option Simulation (DOS) Numerical analyses
Natural Resource Investments Brennan and Schwartz (1985) Castillo-Ramirez(1999) Copper mine Temporary closure Reopen Abortion
Price a Complex Real Option Multi-variable Early exercise Several embedded options Finite reserves Pricing ?
Tree models Cox, Ross, and Rubinstein (CRR, 1979) Finite difference methods Brennan and Schwartz (1978) Monte Carlo simulations Boyle (1977) Financial Numerical Methods
LSM (Longstaff and Schwartz, 2001) Multi-variable Early exercise Several embedded options Dynamic programming Finite reserves Dynamic Option Simulation (DOS)
2. The Model 2.1 The stochastic variable processes
Holding value Holding value > Early exercise value → Holding Holding value < Early exercise value → Exercise 2.2 The LSM
Copper Mine Holding Value LSM
3.3 DOS – Dynamic Programming N = 45 years, m = 15 years, decision frequency = once/year
DOS Steps 【 Step 1 】 【 Step 2 】 【 Step 3 】
The Embedded Options Temporary closure Open at q 1 (normal mining speed) Abortion Open at q 2 (faster mining speed)
Acceleration Options
3. Numerical Analyses The value of a copper mine The values of embedded options Under a multi-variable condition The value of a copper mine The values of Acceleration Options Interest rate effects
3.1 The Values of Copper Mines and Embedded Options
3.2 The Values of Copper Mines and Acceleration Options under Multi-variable
3.3 Interest Rate Effects
4. Conclusions DOS Copper mine values Managerial flexibilities: embedded options Acceleration Options Interest rate effects
Comments and Suggestions are very welcome Chung-Gee Lin Dept. of Business Mathematics Soochow University, Taiwan Tel : ext Fax :