«Problematic issues. Water is the most important factor of the environment " lector – prof. Iskandarova G.Т.

Top earth looks blue planet 72% of which is covered by water. The amount of water on the Earth's surface is 1,350,000,000 km3, of which: 97% - salty water (seas and oceans); 3% - the fresh water, which make up three-quarters of the glaciers. The population is mainly supplied with fresh water. Consequently, only 0.3% of water resources of the Earth is actually fit for consumption

Potable water - water in its natural state or after processing (cleaning, disinfection, adding of missing substances) responsible for the quality of the regulatory provisions and intended for drinking and household needs person, or for the production of food products.

digestion;Metabolism;ANABOLISMA solvent for the organic and inorganic substances needed to maintain body functions; Water is removed from the body of harmful products remaining after mastering the necessary materials; Regulates body temperature;The salt content in the tissues and fluids Having no nutritional value, water provides all the vital processes in the body:

Almost 70% of human body weight is water. Daily consumption of water with food and drinks in normal conditions is equal to 2.3 liters. When deprived of drinking people die after several days as a result of dehydration of tissues, when the quantity of water in the body is reduced by 12%. About 70% of water in the body - the intracellular water. In the intercellular space contains 25% water, the rest - in the bloodstream. Between the three main pool there is an intensive exchange of fluid.

Water consumption is regulated mechanism thirst. Thirst, which is formed by a person on a subconscious level, is an indication of a violation or osmotic pressure or volume of water. Satisfaction of thirst - Svidén-ment restore homeostasis internal environment of the body-it, its well-being. Satisfy thirst can only water with certain parameters of mineralization, adequate internal environment of the body.

The total amount of water consumed by human settlements, determines the flow rate required: 1. To meet the drinking water, economic and social needs of the population in residential buildings; 2. To meet the needs of municipal, domestic, social, cultural, educational, children's, health care institutions, as well as the food industry, trade and catering;

3. For watering streets and green spaces; 4. To meet the drinking and domestic needs of workers during their stay at the industrial enterprises; 5. For the fire-fighting.

The level of water consumption in the village depends on: Season of the year; By climatic conditions; Degree of health improvement of the buildings

 Drinking water - is not only 2-3 cups of water that people drink per day in a relaxed atmosphere everyday. Necessary for cooking 2-3 liters / day per person. When working in hot shops in hot climates daily rate increases to liters. In the human body water goes not only for drinking, water swallow the shower, when washing, brushing teeth, etc.

In the production of dairy products is 1 ton per 1 t.syrogo milk; To produce 1 cans of canned vegetables consume up to 40 liters of water;Drinking water - a major part of various beverages; To ensure sanitary regime in the hospital must be at least 250 liters of water per 1 bed; On one visit to the clinic - not less than liters. In the bath 1 washable spent at least liters of water; In the laundry room for 1 kg of laundry, 40 liters of water; To 1 liter of beer manufacturing requires 5 to 25 liters. water; With centralized hot water supply or by using gas and electric water heaters in urban dwellings enough l / day per person. Consumption of water

When calculating the water consumption of the village use the term "normal water consumption", by which is meant the water consumption in liters per day for 1 person. Adopted a document regulating water consumption rates of the population, depending on the level of accomplishment of settlements - KMK "Water. External networks and facilities. "

Capita water consumption rates The degree of improvement of housing conditions and water population The average daily cost (per year), l / day / 1 person. c centralized hot water supply c baths and local water heaters

- with household taps without sanitation with street taps (in the yard)

Water Tashkent around the clock from 8 intake sources, including: 2 - surface; 6 - underground. 74% - have to supply water to surface water intakes; 26% - on the ground.

By surface sources include: Headworks Kadyrinskogo water supply capacity of 1 million 375 thousand m3 per day. Water supply headworks Bozsu capacity of thousand m3 per day

Underground sources: Kibray waterworks capacity of thousand m3 per day; South Waterworks capacity of 113 thousand m3 per day; Waterworks "Sergeli" capacity of 20 m3 per day; Karasu ground water pumping station capacity of 52.2 m3 per day;

Ground water pumping station "Bektemir" capacity of 25 m3 per day; Kuylyukskie waterworks capacity of 20 m3 per day. The coverage of the city centralized water supply is 98.5%. To ensure uninterrupted high-rise residential buildings with drinking water in the city operated 92 regional booster pumping stations.

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